Chapter 2- Agents, Managers, and Attorneys in Live Entertainment

What happened to tour revenue between 1998-2002?

Tour revenue doubled

What happened to tour revenue between 2002-2008?

Tour revenue doubled again

How do you calculate percent increase?

This period-last period/last period x 100

Why was there an increase in live entertainment revenue?

Availability of tickets and a increase in ticket prices

What is the live entertainment revenue stream?

Consumer -> Venue -> Promoter -> Booking Agent -> Manager -> Artist

Who is part of the personal management or artists team?

Booking, publishing, band, fan club, accountant, lawyer, merchandise, label

Who is a artists team in a studio?

Artist -> Producer -> Engineer (assistant engineer) , Contractor(supporting musicians), conductor, arranger

Who is in a artists touring team?

Artist -> Personal Manager -> Road/Tour Manager -> Tour Accountant, Production Manager(Lighting, Sound, Road Crew, Stagehands, Security, Transportation), Valet, Merchandisers

What is a agents job?

book gigs, know promoters, know venues, know touring landscapes

What are the types of agencies?

Regional (Small group, handle small bookings), Boutique (Local/Genre), Full-Service

What are agency deals?

10-15% of performance payment

AFM limits duration of agreement to 3 years

SAG-AFTRA, AGVA, AGMA - other unions

lower the agent, the shorter the agreement

Exclusive booking rights granted

What is a Full-Service agency?

Large staff and global reach

10-15% commission

rarely sign unknown artists

Multiple contracts covering many forms of representation

If a agent leaves a agency the artist can go with them

What is statutory regulation?

Licensed agents are the only ones that can procure a artist employment, talent agencies Act of 1978 and employment agency act

What is union regulation?

Maximum allowable commissions are stipulated, professional activity can be limited, lengths of contracts are limited

What is required of a artists personal manager?

Industry Knowledge, Contract Negotiation, Merch/Business Alignments

10-25% of artist earnings

1-5 year obligations

key person for daily contact

power of attorney

What are road/tour managers jobs?

responsible for transportation, meals and lodging, security, hiring tour accountants, supervising sound and lights, checking box office receipts, collecting performance income

What are road crew members jobs?

Hired to move/help set up performances, lesser known acts pay minimum salaries plus travel experience, top acts tour with highly disciplined

What are attorneys jobs in the music industry?

Litigation services- represent artist in court

Transactional Services- contracts and legal work

Come from specialized law firms and departments within firms