Lab 6- Bone Tissues

skeletal system

consists of bone and their cartilages. each bone considered an organ. bones make up an organ system

skeletal system

most superficial layer of bone called periosteum

periosteum

composed of dense irregular collagenous CT, richly supplied with blood vessels. anchored to bone by bundles of collagen called perforating fibers(sharpeys fibers)

osteoblasts

osteogenic cells innermost layer of periosteum that secrete(build) bone matrix & build new bone

osteoclasts

secrete enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of bone matrix

osseous tissue

two types found deep in periosteum( compact(cortical)& spongy(cancellous))

compact bone

hard dense bone deep to periosteum

spongy(cancellous) bone

found on inside of bone, deep to compact bone.

lamellae

concentric rings of bone matrix, gives bone strength.

central(haversian) canal

found in center of osteon. contains blood vessels& nerves lined with CT tissue membrane called endosteum

lacunae

cavities between lamella containing mature osteoblasts(osteoclast) (neighboring lacunae and osteocytes connected by canaliculi)

perforating(volkmans)canals

lie perpendicular to osteon& carry blood vessels into bone from periosteum

spongy bone

found deep to compact bone

trabeculae

consists of latticework-type structure with spongy spicules

bone marrow

latticework structure allows to house another important tissue

red bone marrow

produces red blood cells

yellow bone marrow

composed of adipose tissue

long bones

longer than they are wide( upper and lower extrimity)

short bones

short as they are wide(wrist and ankles)

irregular bones

bones that don’t fit into other classes( vertebrae and some skull bones)

flat bones

flat shape bones( ribs, sternum, skull bones, & pelvic bones)

sesamoid bones

oval bones located within tendons(patella)

sutural bones

small bones located between sutures of skull)

diaphysis

shaft of long bone

medullary cavity

hollow area deep to compact bone

epiphysis

ends of long bone(compact bone on top of spongy)