Animal Reproduction ANSC 4389 Exam 1

Reproductive physiology

The study of the mechanical, physical, and biochemical functions of the reproductive system

Andrology

The study of male reproductive physiology and treatment

Gynecology

The study of female reproductive physiology and treatment

Theriogenology

branch of veterinary medicine that focuses on reproductive systems in animals

Obstetrics

branch of reproductive physiology, vet medicine, and human medicine that specializes in the female before, during, and after pregnancy

Aristotle

Generation of animals.
Conversion of blood by seminal fluid to create a fetus.
Proposed that a fetus came from menstrual blood

Fallopius

described the oviducts (fallopian tubes)

Regnier de Graff

Described the antral follicle (Graafian Follicle)

Van Leeuwenhoek

Developed a simple microscope

Spallanzani

Performed first AI in the dog

Dumas

Discovered follicles contained ova

Used rabbits to demonstrate that sperm were the fertilizing agents

Female reproductive tracts major structures

Ovaries, oviduct, uterus, cervix, vagina, external vagina

Where is the female tract located

directly beneath the rectum

What are the 4 layers of the female tract

Serosa, muscularis, submucosa, and mucosa

Serosa

A single cell layer of squamous cells (no definite shape) that cover the out surface of the tract

Muscularis

a double layer of smooth muscle

pouter longitudinal later and inner circular layer

can contract

What does the muscularis transport

Secretory products, gametes, embryos, and explusion of the fetus and membranes

Submucosa

Thickness varies in this layer

houses…

support tissue for the mucosal layer

Mucosa

Secretory layer of the epithelium

Each part of the tract haas a different lining of epithelium

Oviduct

ciliated and non-ciliated columnar

produce fluid and move materials along oviduct

Posterior vagina

Stratified squamous

provides protection during copulation

What position does the female repro tract develop

in a retroperitoneal position

Peritoneum

Membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

Broad ligament

The peritoneum eventually fuses to form a double layered connective tissue sheet that supports and suspends the tract

Mesovarium

Cranial protion that supports the ovary

forms the hilus of the ovary

Utero-ovarian ligament

Additional supportive ligament

attaches the ovary to the uterus

not actually part of the broad ligament

Mesosalpinx

Thin protion of the broad ligament that supports the oviduct (salpinx)

also forms a pouch around the ovary

Mesometrium

Largest part of the broad ligament

supports uterine horns and the body of the uterus

What makes up the broadligament?

Mesovarium, utero-ovarian ligament, mesosalpinx

Ovary

Ovoid, Dense structure

What are the primary functions of the ovary

Produce female gametes and hormones

Tunica albuguinea

Outer surface of the ovary

connective tissue