Conditional sentences

Zero Conditional (Type 0)

Used for general facts, laws of nature, and things that are always true.

If-clause: Present Simple

Main clause: Present Simple

If you heat water to 100 °C, it boils.

First Conditional (Type 1)

Used for real and possible situations in the future.

If-clause: Present Simple

Main clause: Future Simple

If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.

Second Conditional (Type 2)

Used for unreal or unlikely situations in the present or future.

If-clause: Past Simple

Main clause: would + verb

If I had more free time, I would learn Spanish.

Third Conditional (Type 3)

Used for unreal situations in the past (things that did not happen).

If-clause: Past Perfect

Main clause: would have + past participle

If he had won the lottery, he would have bought a car.