Lectures 2-8

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4 Terms

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What distinguishes a scientific theory from a guess or hunch?

A scientific theory is a well-established, well-supported, and well-documented explanation for our observations backed by facts.

2
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What is the relationship between theories and laws in science?

A theory explains why phenomena occur, while a law describes what happens without explaining why.

3
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What are synapomorphies in mammals?

Shared derived traits that are characteristic of a particular group, such as mammary glands and three middle ear bones found in mammals.

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What does homoplasy refer to?

A shared trait between species that did not arise from a common ancestor, but rather evolved independently.