Phono Arctic Final

Subdivisions of Language

phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics

Articulation

motor portion of speech

Syllabics

a consonant that functions as the syllable nucleus

includes /m,n,l/, vowels, and when you add a mark by a consonant that makes another syllable but there is no vowel present.

phonology

focuses on the rules of the sounds of languages and the combination of sounds in meaningful utterances

example of high backed vowels

/u/”ooo”/”uh

vowels (production)

high, mid, low, front, back, rounded, unrounded

suprasegmentals

examples: stress, durations, linking

Childhood apraxia of speech

motor planning disorder, speech, nonspeech, and language deficits

gliding

substituting /w/ for /l/ and /r/

minimal pairs

two words that differ in one sound (fig, pig)

consonants can be

manner, placement, voicing

labialization

rounding the lips when usually the sound occurs without rounding the lips (subbing /f/ for /th/)

/k/ is

voiceless, velar, plosive

/g/ is

voiced, velar, plosive

what does /u:/ indicate

a prolonged vowel sound

dipthongs

two vowel sounds produced together ex: /ei/, /ai/, /au/

diacritics

tell how someone pronouced a word, not how to say it correctlyn

what has the greatest impact on speech

idiosyncratic initial consonant deletion

velar assimilation

assimilation: pulling 2 sounds that are made the same way and using the easier sound (changing out) replacing alveolar sound with velar sound

ex: guck for duck

how to pick the best phonological approach for a client

base it on severity

gold standard for spontaneous speech

50%

gold standard for prompted speech

80%

most frequent misarticulation of /k/ and /g/

subbing alveolar plosives: /t/ and /d/

some other misarticulation sounds:

/w/ for /l/

/r/ for /l/

/j//y/ for /l/

what do minimal pairs represent

phonetic function as meaning differentiating values

alveolar assimulation

dut for duck, replacing velar sound with alveolar sound

all vowels are

voiced

idiosyncratic

not common

are minimal pairs for vowel sounds or consonant sounds?

both