EPPP Physiological Psychology

A person with prosopagnosia:

Prosopagnosia is the inability to recognize or identify individual faces.

A stroke involving the left middle cerebral artery is most likely to cause which of the following?

right-sided hemiplegia or hemiparesis, right-sided hyposthesia, and aphasia

In terms of total sleep time, the proportion of Stage 4 sleep in adulthood

decreases from early to late adulthood

Which neuroimaging technique would NOT be useful for studying the functional activity of the brain (e.g., blood flow, glucose metabolism, or oxygen consumption)?

CT (computed tomography) is a structural technique and provides information on brain structure.

The onset of puberty in humans occurs when gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is secreted by the:

hypothalamus.

According to ________________, physical stimulus changes are logarithmically related to their psychological sensations.

Fechners law

Sperry and Gazzaniga's (1967) research on "split-brain" patients provided evidence for which of the following?

brain lateralization

The neurotransmitter acetylcholine:

is involved in voluntary movements.

Achromatopsia

_____________ involves partial or complete colorblindness due either to a loss of functioning of the cone cells or damage to the occipitotemporal region of the brain.

Lesions in the right (nondominant) hemisphere of the cerebral cortex are most likely to have which of the following effects?

produce indifference or excessive cheerfulness

Studies using the seaslug Aplysia as the research subject have provided information on which of the following?

habituation and sensitization

During the initial ___________ stage of the development of the central nervous system, new cells are produced inside the neural tube.

proliferation

There are two major types of color-blindness: Monochromats are totally color-blind, while dichromats are insensitive to one of two color pairs (red/green or blue/yellow). The existence of dichromats supports which of the following theories of color vision?

opponent-process theory

Results of Schachter and Singer's (1962) "epinephrine study" led them to conclude that a person's subjective emotional response to an event:

depends on a combination of the persons physical reaction to and cognitive interpretation of the event.

ARAS

During the night, the mother of an 8-month old baby sleeps soundly. Although street noise and the barking of the neighbor's dog do not awaken her, she immediately awakens to the sound of her baby's cries. The brain structure most responsible for this phenomenon is the:

Research on the role of hormones on sexual arousal suggest that androgen:

is responsible for arousal in males and females.

Damage to the reticular activating system is most likely to cause which of the following?

disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle

Chronic stress due to depression or other factors may cause impairments in memory as a result of the effects of _______ and other stress hormones on the hippocampus.

cortisol

Sleep patterns vary somewhat with age. For example, during the first few months of life, infants begin a sleep period with:

REM sleep

Long-term potentiation is believed to play a critical role in which of the following?

learning and memory

_________ waves are characteristic of an awake but rested and relaxed state.

Theta

The hypothalamus is believed to be involved in all of the following functions EXCEPT:

vision and audition.

Which type of research provides more accurate data about genetic testing?

Research involving animal models

The neurotransmitter GABA is a(n):

amino acid that plays an inhibitory role regardless of its location in the brain.

Parkinson's disease is caused by a progressive degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the:

substantia nigra.

Spinal cord injury at the ________ level is most likely to result in quadriplegia.

cervical

Lazarus's (1982, 1991), cognitive appraisal theory proposes that cognitive appraisal of a situation precedes the emotional reaction to that situation and distinguishes between three types of appraisal. These are:

primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, and re-appraisal.

Hans Selye's (1956) general adaptation syndrome predicts that we respond to stress with a predictable pattern that involves which of the following three stages?

alarm, resistance, and exhaustion

The James-Lange theory of emotions emphasizes which of the following?

perceptions of bodily reactions to stimuli.

Bob B. always perceives the sound of a piano as blue, the sound of a violin as green, and the sound of a trumpet as purple. This condition is referred to as:

Synesthesia

Gate control theory predicts that:

A neural mechanism in the spinal cord either blocks pain signals or allows them to be transmitted to the brain.

suprachiasmatic nucleus

The sleep-wake cycle and other circadian rhythms are controlled by which of the following structures of the brain?

just noticeable differences.

According to Weber's law, the more intense a stimulus, the greater the increase in stimulus intensity required for the increase to be perceived. In other words, Weber's law deals with:

Retinal disparity refers to:

the use of both eyes to perceive depth or distance.

Papez's circuit is a network of nerves that mediates:

the expression of emotion.