Intro and Math Review

How many basic forces are there and what are they

4 basic forces: Electromagnetism, Strong Nuclear, Weak Nuclear, and Gravitation

What holds the nucleus together (despite the like charges on the protons repelling each other?)

Strong Nuclear Force

What causes radioactive to split? (fission)

Repulsive Weak Nuclear Forces

Range of Electromagnetism importance

from atomic level (holds atom together) to the astronomical scale (where gravitation takes over)

Kinematics

the branch of physics that studies the effects of interactions, irrespective of what causes them

Dynamics

Branch of physics that study the laws that govern how/why these interactions are the way they are

How is Physics different from math?

Math studies what it does (ex. numbers or geometric shapes) for its own sake, Physics uses math as an essential tool

To Divide Fractions..

Multiply by the reciprocal of the 2nd term

Order of Operations

Parentheses, Exponents, Multiplication/Division, Addition/Subtraction

Linear Equations

Doing the opposite operation on the other side to solve for x

For coordinates,

the order in which you proceed is important (x then y!)

General Linear Function

mx + c, where c is the y-int and x-ints are the solutions of mx+c = 0

m (slope)

positive = increasing function (more positive = increasing at a quicker rate); negative = decreasing function (more negative = decreasing at a quicker rate)

Square Root

Opposite of Square; always the non-negative root

General Quadratic Equation/ Polynomial Graph

where c is a pure number and graph points either upward (positive) or downward depending on a and x-intercepts are zeroes of the equation

Quadratic Formula

Triangle Trigonometry

based on a right triangle

Circle Trigonometry

Based on “unit circle” (radius = 1)

Cosine Graph

Sine Graph

Exponential Function

one of the type a^x where a>0 is a fixed number;

e

a number that is composed of a completely random sequence of decimal places

Logarithmic Functions

“opposites” (inverse functions) of exponential functions

absolute value graph

square root graph

x to fractional power graph

Multiplying by Powers of 10..

Add powers

Dividing by powers of 10…

Subtract powers

Powers of 10

used to express quantity along with the metric system and decimals

Proportionality

one variable is a multiple of the other variable

Inverse Proportion

Giga (G)

10⁹; Billion

Mega (M)

10⁶; Milliion

Kilo (K)

10³; Thousand

Centi ©

10^-2; hundredth

Milli (m)

10^-3; Thousandth

Micro (u)

10^-6; millionth

Nano (n)

10^-9; billionth

more decimal places..

more accurate and greater precision fora measurement

significant figures

number of reliably known digits in a number

Multiplying or Dividing Sig Figs

answer should have no more digits than the numerical value with the fewest significant figures

Adding or Subtracting Sig Figs

final result should have no more decimal places than the number with the fewest decimal places

Volume of a Cylinder

V = 2pir x h where h is easier to measure than r (1/2d)