PEDIA

10th percentile

20 weeks

Surfactant

Reduces the surface tension in the airways

28-32 weeks

35 weeks

Mature levels of surfactant

Severe Apnea

>90th percentile

G6PD

Phenylketonuria

Congenital Hypothyroidism

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

21-hydroxylase deficiency

CAH

0 point

apgar score

2 points

apgar score

1 point

apgar score

Cephalohematoma

Sub-periosteal bleed

DOES NOT cross suture lines, NO discoloration

Progresses, resolves in 2-3 weeks

Caput Succedaneum

scalp

crosses suture line, discoloration

does not increase size, resolves in 2-3 days

Subgaleal hemorrhage

Below epicranial aponeurosis

Rupture of emissary veins

May extend to nape or periorbital area

Crepitation and fluid waves

Progresses, resolves in 2-3 weeks

Esophageal Atresia ± Tracheoesophageal fistula

Type C

TEF present at the lower esophagus, while the upper segment ends blindly

EA with distal TEF

Type A

EA with no TEF

Type B

TEF connected to the upper esophageal pouch, with the lower esophagus ending in atresia

Type E

Isolated TEF with no EA

Type D

EA with double TEF (upper and lower TEF)

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia

MC Bochdalek

Omphalocele

Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Duodenal Atresia

Respiratory Distress Syndrome

CXR

Transient Tachypnea of the newborn

Early onset respiratory distress

Premature infant

Does not respond well to O2 supp

Grunting

Progresses in the first few days

Clinical presentation of RDS

Surfactant

PEEP

management for RDS

Antenatal steroids

prevention of RDS

Early onset distress

Responds well to O2

quick recovery

MC in term infants delivered by CS

Clinical presentation of Transient tachypnea of the newborn

Total Bilirubin

Physiologic

most common cause of jaundice

Indirect reacting

Unconjugated

Lipid Soluble

B1

<14 days

duration of physiologic jaundice

Physiologic jaundice

Pathologic jaundice

Breastfeeding jaundice

Breast Milk jaundice

Increase feeding

management for BF jaundice

2 days

how many days can you stop BF for Breast milk jaundice

Foremilk

Hindmilk

Casein

Whey

Vitamin A

Vitamin D

Vitamin E

Vitamin C

Iron and Zinc

Thiamine

Riboflavin

Pyridoxine

Microcytic anemia + high estrogen containing contraceptives

Niacin

Biotin