Chemistry - Chapter 6: Stoichiometry and Limiting Reagent

For final exam

Lavoisier

mass is conserved in a chemical reaction

Chemical equations

descriptions of chemical reactions

Two part to an equation

reactants and products

Mass is neither

created nor destroyed

Stoichiometric coefficients

numbers in front of the chemical formulas, give ratio of reactants and products

Molecular mass

sum of the masses of the atoms represented in a molecular formula

formula mass

sum of the masses of the atoms or ions present in a formula unit

Mole

convenient measure of chemical quantities

Molar mass

mass in grams of 1 mole of substance

Avagadro’s number

6.022 × 10²³

Mole ratio

the number of what you need:the number of moles of that element

Empirical formulas

smallest whole ratio

Percentage composition from Formulas

Mass% → grams → moles → smallest whole number subscripts → ratio of: molar mass/ mass of empirical formula → molecular formula

Limiting reactant

one reactant that produces the smallest amount of product

theoretical yield

the calculated quantity of product in the reaction

actual yield

the amount you actually get when you carry the reaction out

percent yield

actual yield / theoretical yield x 100