Neuroanatomy and Planes of the Body

These flashcards cover the anatomical planes, directional terms, and major components of the nervous system as discussed in the lecture notes.

What plane divides the body into left and right sections?

Sagittal

What does the coronal (frontal) plane divide?

It divides the body into front and back sections.

Which plane separates the upper and lower parts of the body?

Transverse Plane

What is the term for being toward the front or stomach?

Anterior or Ventral

What is the meaning of posterior or dorsal?

Toward the back.

What term refers to something that is toward the head?

Superior or Cranial

What does inferior or caudal mean?

Toward the feet.

What does medial mean in anatomical terms?

Toward the midline.

What does lateral refer to in anatomy?

Away from the midline.

What is the term for being closer to the point of attachment?

Proximal

What does distal mean?

Farther from the point of attachment.

What does ipsilateral mean?

Same side.

What is the meaning of contralateral?

Opposite side.

What does decussation mean?

Crossing of neural fibers.

What comprises the central nervous system (CNS)?

Brain and spinal cord.

What does the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consist of?

Cranial and spinal nerves.

What functions are associated with the frontal lobe?

Planning and movement.

What is the primary function of the parietal lobe?

Sensation.

Which lobe is responsible for hearing and memory?

Temporal Lobe.

What is the main function of the occipital lobe?

Vision.

What role does the cerebellum play in the brain?

Balance and coordination.

What is the function of the medulla?

Breathing and heart rate.

What connects the two hemispheres of the brain?

Corpus Callosum.

What is the function of the thalamus?

Sensory relay (except for smell).

What are dendrites in terms of neuron structure?

Parts that receive signals.

What is the role of the axon in a neuron?

To send signals.

What type of cells produce myelin in the CNS?

Oligodendrocytes.

What are Schwann Cells responsible for in the PNS?

Producing myelin.