Chapter 01 Lecture Outline

These flashcards cover the key vocabulary terms from Chapter 01 of the lecture on Anatomy and Physiology.

Anatomy

The study of the structure of the human body.

Physiology

The study of the function of the human body.

Comparative Anatomy

Study of multiple species to learn about form, function, and evolution.

Cadaver Dissection

Cutting and separating human body tissues to reveal tissue relationships.

Gross Anatomy

Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye.

Histology

Examination of tissues with a microscope.

Cytology

Study of structure and function of cells.

Neurophysiology

Physiology of the nervous system.

Endocrinology

Physiology of hormones.

Pathophysiology

Mechanisms of disease.

Evolution

Change in genetic composition of a population of organisms.

Natural Selection

The process by which some individuals have a higher reproductive success than others due to advantageous traits.

Homeostasis

The ability to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes.

Negative Feedback

A process that counteracts a change in the body to maintain homeostasis.

Positive Feedback

Self-amplifying cycle that leads to greater change in the same direction.

Hierarchy of Complexity

Organization of the body from organism to atoms.

Scientific Method

A systematic approach to research and knowledge acquisition.

Hypothesis

An educated speculation or possible answer to a scientific question.

Fact

Information that can be independently verified.

Law of Nature

Generalization about the way matter and energy behave.

Theory

An explanatory statement derived from facts, laws, and confirmed hypotheses.

Cell Theory

The assertion that all organisms are composed of cells and that the cell is the basic unit of life.

Physiological Variation

Differences in physiological traits due to factors like sex, age, diet, and genetics.

Anatomical Variation

Differences in anatomical structures between individuals.