Veterinary Bk 2

Graduate of AVMA. Associate degree. Must take VTNE

vet technician

graduate of 4 year AVMA program. Bachelor’s degree.

vet technologist

how many vet schools in the US?

30

Highest salaries in vet practice?

specialty practice

Lowest salaries in vet practice

mixed animal practice

Highest salaries beyond vet practice

industry/sales

Lowest salaries beyond vet practice

diagnostic/research

How many academies for vet specialists?

12

State government laws about vet profession

Veterinary State Practice Act

Interpret law and standards of care offered to vet patients

Board of Veterinary medical examiners

nose end of the head/body

rostral

nearer to center of the body

proximal

farther from center of the body

distal

lying face up

supine

lying face down

prone

chewing/biting surface of teeth

occlusal

toward the cheek

buccal

pertaining to the tongue

lingual

tissues pulled together with sutures. Ex. bone healing

first intention

wound left open and allowed to heal from inner areas to outer surface (granulation tissue

second intention

healing with granulation tissue and sutures

third intention

Controls hemorrhage, prevents additional contamination, provides immobilization of extremity/ Used to protect wound before treatment.

occlusive bandage

Removal of necrotic tissue. Removes infection

debridement

scab/necrotic layer that sloughed off

eschar

Used in large and small animals to temporarily immobilize fractures distal to elbow/tarsus, support injured soft and bony tissues, prevents excessive swelling.

Robert Jones Compression bandage

Include Schanz soft padded bandage, Mesa Meta Splint. Designed to cover abrasions and lacerations, provide light support after long bone or joint surgery.

soft padded and coaptation bandage

Most commonly used limb bandage

Schanz soft padded bandage

semirigid splint bandage. Brought over trunk to immobilize elbow or shoulder

Spica splint

external weight bearing device. Used for closed fractures of radius/ulna or tibia/fibula in young dogs.

Schroeder Thomas splint

prevents weight bearing on forelimb by cradling the forelimb against the shoulder and chest wall.

Velpeau Sling

Open wounds that develop over bony prominences as a result of pressure in recumbent patients. Donut shaped pad can help treat them

decubital ulcers

Inability to feel pain

analgesia

Neural encoding of impending/actual tissue damage.

nociception

Increased pain

hyperglasia

nonpainful stimuli

allodynia

Inhalation anesthesia/intubation

general anesthesia

Scientific word for neuter or castration

orchiectomy

Incision into abdominal cavity

laparotomy/celiotomy

Urinary bladder incision

cystotomy

Suture of stomach to abdominal wall to fix it in place. Done for gastric torsion

gastropexy

surical repair of hernia

herniorraphy

incisor into intestine

enterotomy

declawing

onychectomy

hospital acquired infection

nosocomial

abdominal organs protrude through suture line

eviscerate

generalized infection spread via bloodstream

septicemia

Types of postop complications

hemorrhage, seroma/hematoma, infection, wound dehiscence

most common form of gas sterilization

ethylene oxide

common form of liquid sterilization

glutaraldehyde solution

2 accepted methods of surgical scrub

anatomic timed scrub and counted brush stroke method

prioritizationof treatment based on medical need

triage

drawer 1 of crash cart

airway items

drawer 2 of crash cart

venous access

crash cart drawer 3

emergency drugs

crash cart drawer 4

emergency respiratory equipment

crash cart drawer 5

IV fluids

Extensor rigidy of forelimbs with flaccid hind limbs. Lesion at T2-L4

schiff sherrington posture

extensor rigidity in front limb abnd opisthotonos

decerebrate

cessation of functional ventiliation and effective circulation

cardiopulmonary arrest

caused by decreased intravascular volume which causes decreased venous return, causes decreased stroke volume and cardiac output.

Treatment: fluid treatment, colloid therapy

hypovolemic shock

increased pulmonary or systemic venous and capillary pressures increase, causing fluids to leak from capillary beds resulting in edema or effusions

Treatment: O2, IV catheter, fluid therapy

congestive heart failure

Symptoms: dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, pink frothy serosanguinous fluid in nostrils, cyanosis, weakness

Treatment: reduce preload/afterload blood pressure. Vasodilators

Left sided congestive heart failure (LCHF)

Symptoms: jugular distention, pleural effusion, hepatojugular reflux, ascites, peripheral edema

Treatment: moving pleural fluid

Right sided congestive heart failure (RCHF)

Aggregation of platelets and fibrin with entrapped cells migrate and lodged at distant site in circulatory system

aortic thromboembolism

Embolus breaks loose and occludes one or more branches of aorta at aortic trifurcation

saddle thrombus

Any disease that causes rapid onset of abddominal distress.

Causes: intestinal obstruction, organ displacement, infection, trauma

acute abdomen

Signs: lethargy, anorexia, dysuria (difficult urination, oliguria (decreased urine), anuria (lack of urine)

Treatment: peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis

acute renal failure

Difficult birth

dystocia

promotes bronchial drainage with minimal irritation by deposting large quantities of bland substances

nebulization

Used in conjunction with nebulization to promote removal of respiratory secretions

coupage

Ideal socialization period for dogs

3-12 wks

Ideal socialization period for cats

2-7 weeks

Association of stimuli that occur at approx same time or same area

classical conditioning

Association of activity (operant) w/ punishment or reward. Can be used to refinforce a desired behavior

operant conditioning

2 professional organizations dog trainers can join

NADOI and APDT

heavy leather gloves designed to prtoect hands/forearms

gauntlets

Used to administer an IM injection if alone

snubbing

distraction techniques for cats

caveman pats and puffs of air

main tool of restraintused on horses

halter

device attached to horse’s muzzle to distract its attention from procedure being performed elsewhere on its body by exerting mild pain

twitch

discipline technique. Float chain that runs down on side ring of halter, over nose, under upper lip or inside mouth connecting to other ring

chain shank

distraction techniques for horses

skin twitch, eyelid press, ear hold, blindfolding

restraint device for cattle

squeeze chute

used on cattle that has tendency to kick milkers

hobbles

used in cattle to get feet trimmed

tilt table

used for restraining pigs for venipunctures/injections

hog snare

Order of systemic approach to physical exam

head and neck, trunk and forelimb, thorax, abdomen, hind limbs, external genitalia and perineum

level of consciousness

mentation

difficult breathing

dyspnea

blood flow to peripheral tissue. Indicated by mucus membrane color, capillary refill time, pulse strength

perfusion

Life threatening conditions are addressed in this order

airway patency, breathing, circulation, neurologic deficit assessment

recession of eyeball within the orbit

enophthalmos

pupil constriction

miosis

excessive dilation of the pupil

mydriasis

rapid rhythmic involuntary eye movement

nystagmus

abnormally low position (drooping) of the upper eyelid

ptosis

one eye is misaligned with the other when focusing

strabismus

Most popular way to feed dogs. Several portions offered per day with limited time

portion control

portion of food is offered for a limited time. Common for puppies

time control

dietary component that provides some essential nutrient

feedstuff