EXP 2: Solutions, Acid, and Bases

Miscible Liquid

A liquid that can mix with another liquid in any proportion.

ethyl alcohol (CH3CH2OH) and glycerine (C3H8O3)

two chemicals miscible in water in the experiment

Unsaturated Solution

A solution that can still dissolve more solute.

Saturated Solution

A solution that has dissolved the maximum amount of solute at a given temperature leaving behind some solute.

Supersaturated Solution

A solution that contains more solute than can normally dissolve at a given temperature

Exothermic Reaction

A reaction that releases energy, causing the solution to become warmer.

Endothermic Reaction

A reaction that absorbs energy, causing the solution to become colder.

Properties of Acids

typically taste sour, turn blue litmus paper red, and uses methyl orange indicator.

Indicator for Acids

Methyl orange

Properties of Bases

Typically taste bitter, turn red litmus paper blue, and uses phenolphthalein indicator.

Indicator for Bases

Phenolphthalein

I2

Iodine

Na2S2O3

Sodium Thiosulfate Formula

CCl4

Carbon Tetrachloride

CHCl3

Chloroform

CH3CH2OH

Ethyl Alcohol

C3H8O3

Glycerine

NaOH

Sodium Hydroxide

NH4Cl

Ammonium Chloride

CaCO3

Marble Chips

FeCl3

Ferric Chloride

Zn(NO3)2

Zinc Nitrate

Al2(SO4)3

Aluminum Sulfate

NH4OH

Ammonium Hydroxide

CH3COOH

Acetic Acid

HCl

Hydrochloric Acid

Al

Aluminum Shavings

Chloroform (CHCl3)

What liquid did ethyl alcohol (CH3CH2OH) dissolve in faster compared to water?

Slightly Soluble

Solubility of iodine in water

Insoluble

Solubility of sand in water

Soluble

Solubility of table salt in water

Soluble

Solubility of sugar in water

dark pink

color ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) turned when phenolphthalein was added

clear pink

color sodium hydroxide (NaOH) turned when phenolphthalein was added

neon pink

color acetic acid (CH3COOH) & hydrochloric acid (HCl) turned when methyl orange was added

Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)

In the lab which chemical that reacted with water was exothermic?

Ammonium Chloride (NH4Cl)

In the lab which chemical when reacted with water produced an endothermic reaction?

CH3COOH and HCl

Which chemicals turned the blue litmus paper red?

NH4OH and NaOH

Which chemicals turned the red litmus paper blue?

HCl

Which acid reacted faster with the Aluminum?

HCl

Which acid reacted faster with the marble chips?

C6H12O6

Glucose/Sugar

Hydrogen gas

What gas was produced from the reaction of Al and HCl?

Carbon dioxide gas

What gas was produced from the reaction of CaCO3 and HCl?

6 CH3COOH (aq) + 2 Al (s) —> 2 Al(CH3COO)3 (aq) + 3 H2 (g)

reaction of CH3COOH and aluminum

6 HCl (aq) + 2 Al (s) —> 2 AlCl3 (aq) + 3 H2 (g)

reaction of HCl and aluminum

2 CH3COOH (aq) + CaCO3 (s) —> Ca(CH3COO)2 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

reaction of CH3COOH and marble chips

2 HCl (aq) + CaCO3 (s) —> CaCl2 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)

reaction of HCl and marble chips

brownish-red; Ferric Hydroxide (Fe(OH)3)

color, name, and formula of precipitate formed by reaction between FeCl3 and NaOH

white; Aluminum Hydroxide (Al(OH)3)

color, name, and formula of precipitate formed by reaction between Al2(SO4)3 and NaOH

white; Zinc Hydroxide (Zn(OH)2)

color and name of precipitate formed by reaction between Zn(NO3)2 and NaOH

FeCl3 (aq) + 3 NaOH (aq) —> Fe(OH)3 (s) + 3 NaCl (aq)

reaction between FeCl3 and NaOH

Al2(SO4)3 (aq) + 6 NaOH (aq) —> 2 Al(OH)3 (s) + 3 Na2SO4 (aq)

reaction between Al2(SO4)3 and NaOH

Zn(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 NaOH (aq) —> Zn(OH)2 (s) + 2 NaNO3 (aq)

reaction between Zn(NO3)2 and NaOH