Genetics_Ch12_Fall_2024

What are the three proposed models of DNA replication?

Conservative replication, Dispersive replication, Semiconservative replication.

Who conducted the landmark DNA replication experiment in 1958 using isotopes of nitrogen?

Meselson and Stahl.

What is the expected banding pattern of DNA after one round of semiconservative replication?

DNA appears as two bands: one light (14N) and one intermediate.

What are the products of bacterial theta replication?

Two circular DNA molecules.

In what direction does DNA synthesis proceed during replication?

From 5′ to 3′.

What is the role of DNA ligase in DNA replication?

DNA ligase connects nicks between Okazaki fragments once RNA primers are removed.

What does the term 'redundant origins of replication' refer to in eukaryotic cells?

Each chromosome contains numerous origins of replication.

What problem does telomerase address during linear DNA replication?

It prevents chromosomes from shortening during cell division.

Which eukaryotic DNA polymerase is primarily responsible for lagging-strand synthesis?

DNA polymerase δ (delta).

What occurs during homologous recombination at a Holliday junction?

Branch migration and strand exchange between homologous DNA molecules.