respiration in plants

mandatory step in both type of aerobic or anaerobic respiration

mandatory step in both type of aerobic or anaerobic respiration

glycolysis

glycolysis aka

EMP pathway

glycolysis is discovered by

Gustav embden, Otto meyerhof, J parnas

glucose in plant is derived from

sucrose

the enzyme used to convert sucrose to fructose and glucose

invertase

glucose and fructose are phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate by the activity of which enzyme

hexokinase

glycolysis involves how many steps

10

glucose → glucose-6-phosphate

1 ATP used

fructose-6-phosphate → fructose-1,6-phosphate

1 ATP used

triose phosphate → triose bisphosphate

1 NADH+H⁺ is produced

triose bisphosphate → triose phosphate

1 ATP produced

phosphoglycerate → phosphoenolpyruvate

1 H₂O produced

phosphoenol pyruvate → pyruvic acid

1 ATP produced

no of ATP produced in glycolysis

4

net ATP produced in glycolysis

2

less than __ % of glucose energy is released during fermentation

7

yeast poison themselves to death when the concentration of alcohol reaches to___ %

13

major pathways of anaerobic respiration

lactic acid, ethanol

Lactic acid has how many carbons

3

ethanol has how many carbons

2

the complete oxidation of pyruvate by the stepwise removal of all hydrogen atoms leaving ____ molecules of CO₂

3

pyruvic acid undergoes oxidative decarboxylation by a complex set of reaction catalysed by enzyme

pyruvic dehydrogenase

which cycle starts with the condensation of acetyl group with oxaloacetic acid and water to yield citric acid

kreb cycle

citric acid cycle aka

kreb cycle

pyruvic dehydrogenase requires several coenzyme including

NAD⁺ and coenzyme A

during link reaction 1 molecule of pyruvic acid forms how many NADH

1

which scientist discovered citric acid cycle

hans kreb

condensation of acetyl group with oxaloacetic acid and water yields

citric acid

isocitrate after decarboxylation forms

α-ketoglutaric acid

conversion of succinyl-CoA to succinic acid

1 GTP produced

succinic acid to malic acid

1 FADH₂ produced

NADH dehydrogenase

complex I

succinate dehydrogenase

complex II

cytochrome bc₁

complex III

cytochrome c

complex IV

NADH gives

3 ATP

FADH₂ gives

2 ATP

final H acceptor in ETS

oxygen

which protein complex has the site for synthesis of ATP from ADP

F₁

ATP synthase

complex V

net gain of ATP in respiration

38

NADH is oxidised to NAD⁺ _____ in fermentation

slowly

NADH is oxidised to NAD⁺ _____ in case of aerobic respiration

very vigorous

glycerol can enter the pathway of glycolysis by get converted into

phosphoglyceraldehyde

protein after broken down to amino acid and deamination can enter kreb cycle after getting converted into

pyruvate or acetyl CoA

fatty acid enters the kreb cycle after getting converted into

acetyl CoA

respiratory pathway is a/an

amphibolic pathway

main intermediate for all type of respiratory substrate

acetyl CoA

vol of CO₂ evolved / vol of O₂ consumed

respiratory coefficient

RQ for carbohydrates

1

RQ for fats

<1

RQ for proteins

0.9

RQ for tripalmitin

0.7

_____ and _____ that can be never used as substrate for respiration

pure proteins and fats