Binocular and Oculomotor Cues

oculomotor

eye movement cues to depth, useful for depth within 6-10 feet

accomodation

flexible adjustment of focal power of the lens

vergence

inward/outward rotation of the eyes to focus

binocular

requires two eyes

two eyes in front of face uses stereovision

enables fusion of the two different 2D retinal images to generate a 3D percept

3D structure from binocular diparity

left eye image + right eye image → disparity → stereopsis

disparity

difference in image location of an object on retinae

stereopsis

impression of depth created by disparity “objects popping out in depth”

Horopter

location of objects whose images lie on corresponding points, surface of zero disparity

crossed diparity

sign of disparity created by objects in front of the plane of fixation

uncrossed disparity

the sign of disparity created by objects behind the plane of fixation

magnitude

how far apart on the retina is the image of the same object on the two retinae

sign

object closer than the horopter leading to crossed (positive) disparity or farther than the horopter leading to uncrossed (negative) disparity

anaglyphs

colored ink and colored glasses to present different images to the eyes

meta quest

different images to the left and right eyes that are fused into 3D percepts separated in space

correspondance problem

your brain needs to decide what portion of the left images matches with what portion of the right image

random dot stereogram (RDS)

stereogram made of a large number of randomly placed dots,contain no monocular cue to depth

stereoscope

device that simultaneous presenting one image to one eyes and other image to the other eye, used to present dichoptic stimuli for stereopsis and binocular rivalry

binocular rivalry

competition between the two eyes for control of visual perception, which is evident when completely different stimuli are presented to the two eyes

stereopsis

ability to use binocular disparity as a cue to depth

stereopsis computed in the brain

implementational level, segregation layers of LGN, left and right eye begin to mix in V1

strabismus

misaligned eye give double vision

amblyopia

one eye suppresses the other due to strabismus or other causes