Cardiovascular System Overview

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to the cardiovascular system, including the heart's function and its electrical activity.

Complete Obstruction

Condition leading to myocardial infarction (MI) and necrosis due to lack of oxygen.

Myocardial Ischemia

Partial blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle, which can lead to an MI.

Sinoatrial Node (SA Node)

The natural pacemaker of the heart that initiates electrical impulses.

Cardiac Cycle

The sequence of one complete contraction (systole) and relaxation (diastole) of the heart lasting 0.8 seconds.

Electrical Conduction System

Specialized cells that initiate and distribute electrical impulses throughout the myocardium.

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

A record of the heart's electrical activity.

First Heart Sound

Referred to as 'lubb', this sound indicates the closure of heart valves.

Second Heart Sound

Referred to as 'dupp', this sound occurs with another phase of heart valve closure.

Average Heartbeat Rate

The average number of heartbeats per minute, approximately 72 beats.

Cardiac Output

The volume of blood pumped by the heart in one minute.