special senses

3 parts of the ear

external ear, middle ear, inner ear

what lobe deals with audition

temporal lobe

auricle, external auditory canal, tympanic memebrane

parts of the external ear

malleus, incus, stapes, oval; window (normally filled with air)

middle ear

transmits/ amplify vibrations

auditory ossicles

cochela, vestibule, semicircular canal

inner ear

stop foreign objects from coming into tympanic membrane and external auditory canal

hair and cereum

what is in the scala media of the cochella

endolyphm

what is in the scala tymanii vestuble of the cochella

perilymph

(spiral organ) hair cells+tectorial membrane

organ of corti

evaluates position of the head relative to gravity

static balance

processes info on linear movement

static balance

associated with static labrinith

static balance

associated with semicircular canals

kinetic/dynamic balance

ampulla contains crista (with hair cells)

kinetic/dynamic balance

cupla is displaced by endolymph fluid movement within semicircular canals; hair cells bend——> depolarization

kinetic/dynamic balance

fluid movement is the direction opposite that of physical movement

kinetic/dynamic balance

amplitude/ height of waves

loudness

frequencey/ repetiotion rate of vibrations

pitch

filled with fluid involving hearing

cochella

sclear, cornea

fibrous tunic

choiroid layer, cilliary body, iris

vascular tunic

retnia

nervous tunic

protective, extrinsic muscles are attached

sclera

transparent, refraction, avascular

cornea

melanin part, sbsorbs stray light

choroid layer

lens accomidation

cilliary body

regulates the size of the pupil (colored portion)

irisb

photoreceptors, bipolar neurons, ganglic neurons

retina

blindspots, lacks photo receptor

optic disk

cornea—> iris

anterior chamber

iris—>lens

posterior chamber

anterior and poster chamber

anterior compartment of the eye

fluid within the anterior compartment of the eye

aqueaous humor

provides nutrients, refraction, continuelly made and is drained by the canal of schlemm

aqueaous humor

behind the lens of the eye

posterior compartment of the eye

eye shape, refraction,

-presses retina against back wall of the eye

vitreous humour

fluid within posterior compartment of the eye

vitreous humour

anchored by suspensory ligaments; attached to cillary body; bends, magnifies, and inverts the image

lens

for distance vision (cillary muscles relaxed)

FLAT lens accomidation

for close/ near vision (cillary bodies muscle contract)

Plump lens accomidation

bending of light rays passing through different medium

refraction

cornea—> aquaus humor

where the anterior chamber starts and ends

lens—>viterous humour

where the posterior chamber starts and ends

point at which light rays converge and cross

focal point

how is the image when it is focused on the retina at some point beyond the focal point

inverted

true/normal

emmetropia

near

myopia

far

hyperopia

old

presbyopia

light rays bounce off a nontransparent surface, and is reduced by pigmented surfaces of the eye (mealin)

reflection

what produces the color for vision

cones

what is needed for peripheral vision and gives one to be able make shape out of vision

rods