MGMT 311 Final Exam Practice

What is an example of a Behavioral strain? Alcohol and drug use, Back pain, Depression, Headaches

Alcohol and drug use

What emotion describes a feeling of great pleasure? Joy, Pride, Envy, Hope

Joy

Which statement is NOT correct about Expectancy Theory? Effort leads to performance, Performance leads to outcomes, Outcomes are valuable, Outcomes are determined solely by luck

Outcomes are determined solely by luck

Which theory believes motivation is fostered by specific and difficult goals? Goal Setting Theory, Expectancy Theory, Equity Theory, Psychological empowerment

Goal Setting Theory

___ is a field devoted to understanding and improving attitudes and behaviors. Organizational behavior, Strategic management, Economic research, Resource management, Financial management

Organizational behavior

Which is an example of meta-analysis? One study w/ consistent method; One study combining samples; Two studies same samples/measures; Several studies same measures; Several studies different samples/measures

Several studies using different samples and measures

What summarizes statistical relationships between variables? Hypotheses, Correlations, Observations, Collections, Theories

Correlations

The scientific method begins with: Theory, Auditing, Paradigm, Hypotheses, Verification

Theory

According to the Rule of One-Eight, most common scenario: CEO doesn’t believe books; CEO starts changes but ends early; CEO increases benefits only; CEO makes long-lasting changes; CEO gives responsibility but stops after 2 months

CEO starts changes but ends early

Explicit obligations for compensation/employment: Job performance, Citizenship behavior, Knowledge work, Task performance, Civic virtue

Task performance

Well-known responses to normal job demands: Job performance, Adaptive task performance, Knowledge work, Routine task performance, Citizenship behavior

Routine task performance

Responses to novel/unpredictable demands: Job performance, Adaptive task performance, Creative task performance, Routine task performance, Citizenship behavior

Adaptive task performance

The process determining job requirements: Job analysis, Forced ranking, Job evaluation, Ranking analysis, Forced analysis

Job analysis

Two categories of citizenship behavior: Social & organizational; Social & intrapersonal; Social & political; Interpersonal & political; Interpersonal & organizational

Interpersonal & organizational

Desire to remain due to emotional attachment: Continuance, Affective, Evaluative, Normative, Associative

Affective

Desire to remain because of costs of leaving: Continuance, Affective, Associative, Normative, Situational

Continuance

Desire to remain due to obligation: Continuance, Affective, Associative, Normative, Evaluative

Normative

One of the four primary responses to negative events: Looking busy, Loyalty, Volunteering, Anxiety, Commitment

Loyalty

Passive, destructive response to negative events: Exit, Loyalty, Voice, Ignorance, Neglect

Neglect

Pleasurable emotional state from job appraisal: Job development, Life satisfaction, Emotional labor, Job satisfaction, Organizational growth

Job satisfaction

Values are defined as: Things people seek/attain; Emotional states from job appraisal; Shared attitudes/goals; Processes that sustain behavior; Emotional/behavior patterns

Things people seek/attain

Theory where satisfaction depends on job supplying valued things: Maslow’s theory, Job characteristics theory, Value-percept theory, Job withdrawal theory, Emotional contagion theory

Value-percept theory

Employees base desired pay on duties and: Promotions, Basic needs, Status, Pay of superiors, Pay of comparable colleagues

Pay of comparable colleagues

Freedom, independence, discretion: Feedback, Significance, Meaningfulness, Autonomy

Autonomy

Psychological response to demands with stakes: Stressors, Type A behavior, Strains, Stress, Type B behavior

Stress

NOT true about stress: People experience the same stress equally; Stress is a psychological response; Negative consequences = strains; Headaches, stomach issues; Stressors cause stress

People experience the same stress equally

Negative consequences when demands exceed capacity: Strains, Daily hassles, Time pressures, Type A behavior, Cognitive pressures

Strains

Transactional theory of stress explains: How to categorize stressors; How stressors are perceived/appraised; Primary appraisal = “How can I cope?”; Differentiates benign duties/stressors; Lists stressors by occupation

How stressors are perceived and appraised

Nature of obligations toward others: Job capability, Time pressure, Work complexity, Role conflict, Work responsibility

Work responsibility

Set of energetic forces initiating work effort: Organizational commitment, Job satisfaction, Job performance, Motivation, Leadership

Motivation

Effective job performance is a function of: Motivation & emotions; Emotions & ability; Ability & expectations; Motivation & ability; Expectations & emotions

Motivation & ability

Expectancy theory describes: Goals drive effort; Rewards from outside forces; Intrinsic motivation as its own reward; Mental ledger of outcomes; Cognitive process of choosing responses

Cognitive process of choosing responses

Anticipated value of outcomes: Instrumentality, Valence, Equity, Expectancy, Self-efficacy

Valence

Motivation controlled by external contingencies: Control, Extrinsic, Intrinsic, Expectant, Efficacious

Extrinsic

NOT organizational citizenship behavior: Voice, Courtesy, Civic Virtue, Boosterism

Boosterism

Organizational commitment is true: Not a continuum; High withdrawal

moderate commitment; Low withdrawal

NOT a factor that fosters high motivation: Goal setting theory, Expectancy theory, Taxonomic theory, Psychological empowerment

Taxonomic theory

Emotion-focused coping (behavioral): Working harder, Venting anger, Acquiring resources, Seeking assistance

Venting anger

Proving causation requires everything EXCEPT: Integrative model, Correlation, Temporal precedence, Elimination of alternative

Integrative model

How do we collect knowledge about OB? Observe coworkers; Understanding how we know things; Follow leaders; A and C

Understanding how we know things

What does it take to be a good performer? Counterproductive behavior; Task performance; Citizenship behavior; All of the above

All of the above

Trend that affects commitment: Not putting effort; Becoming older; Growing more racially; B and C

B and C

Emotion of failing to live up to your ideal self: Sadness, Anxiety, Shame, Fear

Shame

Example of a challenge stressor: Work complexity, Role overload, Mental health, Daily issues

Work complexity