Chapter 8 minerals

acidosis

condition in which excess acids accumulate or there is a loss of base in the body

alkaline

base; capable of neutralizing acids

alkalosis

condition in which excess base accumulates in or acids are lost from the body

cardiovascular

pertaining to the heart and entire circulatory system

dehydrations

loss of water

demineralization

loss of minerals

diuretics

substance

edema

abnormal retention of fluid by the body

electrolytes

chemical compound that in water breaks up into electrically

enriched foods

foods to which nutrients usually B vitamins and iron, have been added to improve their nutritional value

etiology

cause

extracellular

outside the cell

goiter

enlarged tissue of the thyroid gland due to a deficiency of iodine

heme iron

part of hemoglobin molecule in animal foods

hyperkalemia

excessive amounts of potassium in the blood

hypertension

higher than normal blood pressure

hypoalkemia

excessive amounts of potassium in the blood

intracellular

within the cell

iodized salt

salt that has the mineral iodine added for prevention of goiter

ions

electrically charged atoms resulting from chemical reactions

iron deficiency

intake of iron is adequate, but the body has no extra iron stored

iron deficiency anemia

condition resulting from inadequate amount of iron in the diet

keshan disease

condition causing abnormalities in the heart muscle

myoglobin

protein compound in mcucle that provides oxygen to cells

nonheme iron

iron from animal foods that is not part of the hemoglobin

osmosis

movement of a substance through a semipermeable membrane

rickets

deficiency caused by lack of calcium and vitamin D

tetany

involuntary muscle movement

toxicty

state of being poisonious