Schemes

Parallelism

Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses

Antithesis

The juxtaposition of contrasting ideas or words, often I parallel structure

Climax

The arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of increasing important, often I parallel structure 

Inversion

The usual word order is rearranged often for the effect of emphasis or to maintain the meter

Parenthesis

The insertion of some verbal unit in a position that interrupts the normal syntactical flow of the sentence

Apposition

Juxtaposing two coordinating elements, normally noun phrases, one of which defines, explains, or modifies the other

Ellipsis

Deliberate omission of a word or of words which are readily implied by the context 

Asyndeton

deliberate omission of conjunctions between a series of related clauses

Polysyndeton

The opposite of asyndeton → deliberate use of many conjunctions

Anaphora

Deliberate repetition of the same word or group of words at the beginning of successive clauses, sentences or lines

Epistrophe 

Deliberate repetition of the same word or words at the end of successive clauses, sentences or lines 

Epanalepsis

Repetition at the end of a clause of the word or words that occurred at the beginning of the same clause 

Anadiplosis

The repetition of the last word (or phrase) from one clause at the beginning of the following clause

Chiasmus

Repetition of grammatical structures in inverted order

Atimetabole

Repetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order