Summative (Martin Luther, Scientific + Enlightenment People) – Kyana Ok

Where was Nicolaus Copernicus from, and what was his major contribution?

Poland; Heliocentric model of the Solar System

Where was Johannes Kepler from, and what was his major contribution?

Germany; Laws of planetary motion

Where was Galileo Galilei from, and what was his major contribution?

Italy; Telescope Observations and Support of Heliocentric Theory

Where was Isaac Newton from, and what was his major contribution?

England; Laws of Motion and Universal Gravitation

Where was Francis Bacon from, and what was his major contribution?

England; Development of the Scientific Method

Where was Zacharias Janssen from, and what was his major contribution?

Netherlands; Invention of the Microscope

Where was Andreas Vesalius from, and what was his major contribution?

Belgium; Modern Study of Human Anatomy

Where was William Harvey from, and what was his major contribution?

England; Discovery of Blood Circulation

Where was Robert Boyle from, and what was his major contribution?

Ireland; Boyle’s Law in Chemistry

Where was Antoine Lavoisier from, and what was his major contribution?

France; Father of Modern Chemistry

Where was Evangelista Torricelli from, and what was his major contribution?

Italy; Invention of the Barometer

Where was Edward Jenner from, and what was his major contribution?

England; Development of the Smallpox Vaccine

Where was Joseph Priestly from, and what was his major contribution?

England; Discovery of Oxygen

Where was Thomas Hobbes from, and what was his major contribution?

England; Social Contract Theory and “Leviathan”

Where was John Locke from, and what was his major contribution?

England; Natural Rights and Government by Consent

Where was Voltaire from, and what was his major contribution?

France; Advocacy for Freedom of Speech and Religion

Where was Baron de Montesquieu from, and what was his major contribution?

France; Theory of Separation of Powers

Where was Jean-Jacques Rousseau from, and what was his major contribution?

Switzerland; Social Contract and General Will

Where was Mary Wollstonecraft from, and what was her major contribution?

England; Advocacy for Women’s Rights and “A Vindication of the Rights of Woman”

Where was Denis Diderot from, and what was his major contribution?

France; Editor of the Encyclopedia

Where was David Hume from, and what was his major contribution?

Scotland; Empiricism and Skepticism

Where was Immanuel Kant from, and what was his major contribution?

Germany; “Critique of Pure Reason” and Moral Philosophy

Where was Cesare Beccaria from, and what was his major contribution?

Italy; Reforms in Criminal Justice and “On Crimes and Punishments”

Where was Martin Luther from, and what was his major contribution?

Germany; the Protestant Reformation and Ninety-Five Theses

What are the short term effects of Martin Luther?

Created religious warfare in Europe. Some people began to doubt the Church and took Luther’s side of the rebellion.

What are some long-term effects of Martin Luther?

This movement resulted in freedom of religion, conscience, the dignity of the individual, and political democracy. It also changed how religion influenced people’s lives.