Reactive intermediates

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4 Terms

1
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Carbocations

  • 6 val e-

  • Carbon is sp2

  • Stabilized by adjacent covalent bonds

  • 3° > 2° > 1° > +CH3

2
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Free radicals

  • 7 val e-

  • Carbon is sp2

  • Neighboring alkyl groups stabilize the intermediate

  • 3° > 2° > 1° > •CH3

3
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Carbanions

  • 8 val e-

  • Carbon is sp3 unless lone pair is adjacent to a double/triple bond [for resonance]

  • Neighboring alkyl groups destabilize the intermediate

  • 3° < 2° < 1° < :CH3

4
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Carbenes (methylene)

  • Neutral molecule

  • 6 val e-

  • Carbon is sp2