Phylum Platyhelminthes. Order Tricladida,Polycladida and Class cestoda

Bilateria: Cephalization

Clear head and tail ends with sensory processing

Problems with Turbellaria as a Clade?

• No common ancestor with all descendants

• Some are related more to parasitic groups

Order Polycladida, Tricladida

• Circular, Ciliated epidermis

• Regeneration

• Free swimming

Clade Neodermata

• Mostly parasitic

• Syncytial tegument(Tough outer skin layer used)

• Complex life cycle

Tricladida Movement

Cilia, Muscular

Rhabdites(Tricladida)

Used for protection and mucus secretion in epidermis

Waste removal system(Tricladida)

Protonephridal System

Nephron (Tri)

Osmoregulation and excretion of nitrogenous waste

Sensory organs in (Tri-cluh-di-duh)

• Ocelli- Eyespots

• Statocysts-Helps with gravity orientation

• Rheoreceptors- Sense water currents/Pressure change

Reproduction(Tri)

• Fission(Asexual)

• Regeneration(Asexual)

• Hermaphrodite (Sexual)

NeoBlast

Responsible for Tricladida regen

Order polycladida classes?

Class Trematoda(Flukes)

Class Monogena

Class Cestoda(Tapeworms)

Class Trematoda life cycle

Snail eats miracidium→ Sporocyst hatches into Redia then Cercaria→ Metacecaria cyst in fish muscle→ Human eats fish, turning into Adult fluke in Human

Class monogena life cycle

Juvenile→Adult (Lay eggs or live birth)

Class Cestoda (Beef tapeworm) Life cycle

Gravid Proglotid → Shelled Larva→ Invaginated Cysticercus

→ Evaginated Cysticercus→ Adult Tapeworm

Phylum Rotifera

• Pseudocoelomate

• Body covered with cuticles

Dual gland ahesive organ

Allows worm to stick and unstick itself

Viscid Glad

Makes sticky

Releasing Gland

Makes sticky unsticky

Anterior Branch of Intestine

Diverticulum

Pharynx

Mouth

Tricladida

Mouth

Pharynx

Intestine

Polycladida

Rhabdite Cells

Dual glad adhesives

Viscid Glands

Releasing Gland

Nerve

Circular Muscle

Anchor Cell

Epithelial Cell

Microvilli

Parenchyma

Longitudinal Muscles

Cilium

Tubules of protonephridia

Interstitial Fluid

Cap Cell

Tubule Cell

Flame blulb

Tubule

Cilia

Opening in body wall

Vitellaira

Seminal Vesicle

Penis

Genital pore

Vagina

Seminal receptacle

Vas deferenes

Testis

Oviduct

Ovary

Ciliated Pits

Mouth

Zooids

Intestine

Mouth

Microstomum

Ciliated Pits

Mouth

Zooids

Intestine

Mouth

Stenostomum

Class Trematoda

Spine

Distal Cytoplasm

Muscle layer

Nucleus

Tegumentary Cell body

Mitochondrion

Parenchymal Cell

Class Trematoda

Oral Sucker

Intestine

Ventral Sucker

Uterus

Testes

Excretory Bladder

Vitelline Duct

Ovary

Vitellaria

Class Monogenea

Pharynx

Digestive Tract

Egg

Ovary

Testis

Opisthaptor

Class Cestoda

Microthrix

Distal Cytoplasm of tegument

Syncytial Tegument

Circular Muscle