Sport - energy systems

ATP definition

Adenosine Triphosphate

what does atp do?

1. the key & immediate source of energy

2. provides energy for movement, sport/exercise, muscle contraction

why do we need energy for exercise?

we need a constant supply of energy so we can carry out everyday tasks. the more exercise we do the more energy required.

where does the energy come from?

carbohydrates

what is the role of atp in exercise?

1. it’s the usable form of energy in the body

2. the energy come from foods we eat (carbs & fats have to be converted)

how is atp rebuilt?

an endothermic reaction has to occur. this is a chemical reaction which absorbs energy.

how does atp resynthesise?

its done through the joining of adp & a single phosphate. this energy regenerations only possible through 1 of 3 energy systems.

how long does atp last for?

2-3 seconds

how long does the atp-pc system last for?

4-10 seconds

how long does the lactate system last for?

10-90 seconds

how long does the aerobic system last for?

2 mins +

explain the atp-pc system

1. provides very fast energy

2. works anaerobically (without oxygen)

3. used for short, explosive movements

how the atp-pc system works

1. atp in the muscle is used (2-3 secs)

2. a substance called phosphocreatine (pc) is stored in muscles

3. PC breaks down to resynthesise atp quickly

4. energy is provided for up to 10 seconds

5. when pc runs out, atp stops working

why is the atp-pc system so fast?

1. pc is stored in muscles

2. no O2 is needed

3. enzyme speeds it up

why does the atp-pc system only last for a short time?

1. pc stores are limited

2. fast but short-lasting

3. once pc runs out, atp cannot be resynthisised using this sytem