Circulation of Blood Ch. 15

Arteries, Veins, Capillaries are all Types of What?

blood vessels

Which Blood Vessel Carries Oxygenated Blood AWAY from the Heart & TOWARD the Capillaries?

Ateries

Which Blood Vessel Carries Deoxygenated Blood TOWARD the Heart and AWAY From Capillaries?

Veins

Which Blood Vessel Carries Blood From the Arterioles to the Venules?

Capillaries

What is Included in the Artery Structure?

the Tunica Intima, Tunica Media, and Tunica Externa

Define the Tunica Intima in the Arteries

a continuous inner layer of endothelial cells

Define Tunica Media in the Arteries

a smooth muscle that’s thick in arteries; some elastic tissue; and important in blood pressure regulation

Define Tunica Externa in the Arteries

the outer layer of fibrous CT that reinforces the wall to help resist stretching & bursting

What are the Thin Microscopic Vessels that Only Include the Tunica Intima?

capillaries

Describe the Tunica Intima of the Veins

the inner layer where valves are present to prevent retrograde movement blood

Describe the Tunica Media of the Veins

smooth muscle that’s thin

Describe the Tunica Externa of the Veins

heavy layer of fibrous CT

Which Layer is Much Thinner in Veins?

tunica media

Which Layer is Much Thicker in Arteries?

tunica media

Which Layer is Much Thicker in Veins?

Tunica Externa

T or F) In Arteries, the Tunica Externa is Thinner than the Tunica Media

True

What Blood Vessel Distributes Nutrients/Gases Carried in the Blood By Way of High Pressure and Assist in Maintain the Arterial Blood Pressure?

Arteries (also blood reservoirs)

What Blood Vessel Serves as Exchange Vessels for Nutrients, Wastes and Fluids?

Capillaries

What Blood Vessel Collect Blood for Return to the heart; Low Pressure Flow Blood (compared with arteries)?

Veins

How does the structure of an artery support its function?

How does the structure of a vein support its function?

How does the structure of a capillary support its function?

What are the 2 Routes of Circulation?

systemic & pulmonary

Which Route of Circulation Refers to the Flow of Blood Through All the Vessels Which are Arranged in a Complete Circuit or Circular Pattern?

Blood Circulation

Which Route of Circulation Caries Blood Throughout the Body Through a Path That Goes From Left Ventricle to the Right One?

Systemic Circulation

Which Kind of Circulation Caries Blood to and From the Lungs for Gas Exchange?

Pulmonary Circulation

Which Kind of Circulation Has Unique Blood Routes Through the Liver, Assist with Homeostasis of Blood Glucose Levels and Detoxifies the the Blood?

Hepatic Circulation

What Does Fetal Circulation Refer To?

circulation before birth (through placenta, umbilical cord etc.)

What is the Set of Processes that Influence the Flow of Blood?

Hemodynamics

What are the Kinds of Hemodynamics?

blood pressure, blood volume, stroke volume, heart rate, blood viscosity, resistance

Define Blood Pressure

the push/force in the blood vessel

Where is the Blood Pressure Higher? Arteries or Veins?

Arteries

Define Blood Pressure Gradient

causes blood to circulate (liquids can flow only from areas of high

pressure to areas of low pressure)

What Factors Influence Blood Pressure?

blood volume, strength in heart contractions, heart rate, blood viscosity, resistance to blood flow

What Factor is when the Larger the Volume, the More Pressure is Exerted on Vessels Walls?

blood volume

Which Factor Affects Cardiac Output meaning the Stronger Heart Beat, the more Pressure Increases, Meaning More Blood is Expelled?

Strength in Heart Contractions

Which Factor Refers to: Increased Rate = Increases Pressure and Vice Versa?

Heart Rate

Name the Factor: Less than Normal Viscosity Decreases Pressure, Great than Normal Viscosity Increases Pressure

Blood Viscosity

Name the Factor: Affected by many factors, including the vasomotor mechanism

Resistance to Blood Flow

Define Pulse

alternate expansion and recoil of the blood vessel wall

What is the Failure of the Circulatory System to Deliver O2 to Tissues? ()Resulting in Cell Impairment)?

Circulatory Shock

How Does Cardiogenic Shock Occur?

due to heart failure

What is a Drop in Blood Volume that Causes Blood Pressure (and flow) to Drop?

Hypovolemic shock

How Does Hypovolemic Shock Occur?

caused by hemorrhage or loss of interstitial fluid causing blood plasm to drain out the vessels

What is an Acute Allergic Reaction Caused by the Same Kind of Blood Vessel Dilation That Occurs in Neurogenic Shock?

anaphylactic shock

Define Septic Shock

results from complication of septicemia (due to toxins in blood from infection)