Factors That Affect Equilibrium Flashcards

Effect of increasing Temp for Exo

Heat is released so heat is a product. As Heat is added the system moves to use up extra heat which is reverse as it is endothermic.

Effect of decreasing temp for exo

Heat is removed so system moves to replace the lost heat so it favours the forward reaction as it is exothermic.

Effect of increasing temp for endo

Heat is used so system moves to use up the excess heat so the forward reaction is favoured as it is endothermic.

Effect of decreasing temp for endo

Heat is lost so the system moves to replace it so the reverse reaction is favoured as it is exothermic.

Increasing Temperature

Gives particles more energy, increasing effective collisions for the endothermic reaction, so equilibrium shifts that way.

Decreasing Temperature

Reduces particle energy, so the exothermic direction now has more effective collisions and equilibrium shifts toward it.

Increasing Concentration

Increases collision frequency for the added species, so equilibrium shifts to use up the extra particles.

Decreasing Concentration

Reduces collisions involving that species, so equilibrium shifts to replace what was removed.

Increasing Pressure

Increases collision frequency on the side with more gas particles, so equilibrium shifts toward the side with fewer gas molecules.

Decreasing Pressure

Lowers collision frequency, favouring the side with more gas molecules.

Temperatures effect on positon of equilibrium

• Increasing temperature shifts equilibrium in the endothermic direction; decreasing temperature shifts it in the exothermic direction.

Temperatures effect on K

• Changing temperature changes the value of K — it increases for the endothermic direction and decreases for the exothermic direction.

Concentration’s effect on position of equilibrium

• Increasing the concentration of a species shifts equilibrium to consume it; decreasing concentration shifts equilibrium to replace it.

Concentration’s effect on K

• Changing concentration does not change K.

Pressure’s effect on position of equilibrium

• creasing pressure shifts equilibrium toward the side with fewer gas molecules; decreasing pressure shifts it toward the side with more gas molecules.

Pressure’s effect on K

• Changing concentration does not change K.

Catalyst’s effect on position of equilibrium

• A catalyst speeds up both forward and reverse reactions equally, so it does not shift the position of equilibrium.

Catalysts effect on K

• A catalyst does not change 𝐾 .