Lecture Quiz 1

Sagittal

plane that divides the body into right and left

Coronal/frontal

plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior

Horizontal

plane that divides the body into superior and inferior

Axis

fixed point around which an object moves

Coronal/frontal

axis paired with the sagittal plane

AP

axis paired with the frontal plane

Vertical

axis paired with the horizontal plane

Degrees of freedom

number of different axes around which a joint can produce a movement

Uniaxial

1 degree of freedom

Biaxial

2 degrees of freedom

Triaxial

3 degrees of freedom

Diaphysis

shaft of the bone

Epiphysis

enlarged knobby ends of the bone

Metaphysis

flared portion of the bone joining the diaphysis to the epiphysis

Growth/epiphyseal plate

layer of cartilage between the diaphysis and epiphysis

Compression

force pushes down on the bone

Tension

force pulls on the bone

Bending

compressive force on one side of the bone and tensile force on the other side

Torsion

rotational force twists the bone

Shear

2 opposing forces push on opposite sides of the bone at the same time

Wolff’s law

a bone grows or remodels in response to forces or demands placed upon it

Creating more, thickening

if a force is placed on a bone, it will respond by ___ bony matrix and ___

Losing, thinning

if there’s a lack of force on a bone, it will respond by ___ bony matrix and ___

Joint stability

amount of resistance a joint has to dislocation

Bony landmarks, joint capsule, ligaments, muscles

factors affecting joint stability

Number, strength, location

ligament and muscle factors that contribute to joint stability

Fit

bony landmark factor that contributes to joint stability

Strength, tightness, vacuum seal

joint capsule factors contributing to joint stability