news or something

flatwater free press

nonprofit news site which does deep reporting, not to compete with local papers but supply them with stories, focusing on doing good journalism rather than making a profit, viewing itself as a public asset, putting the audiences first

Curanto

first English language newspaper, published in Amsterdam 1618

Publick Occurrences

First newspaper in the American colonies, Benjamin Harris, one issue then shut down by government

New England Courant

first newspaper to be published without explicit approval of the British clown, ran by Benjamin and James Franklin

Ben Franklin

bought Pennsylvania Gazette, most influential paper in the colonies, first political cartoon “Join or Die,” introduced weather report

Benjamin Day

New York Sun, “it shines for all,” steam powered rotary press allowed for 16,000 sections a day, emphasized facts over opinion, supported by circulation and ad revenue

Joseph Pulitzer

bought the failing New York World, boosted circulation from 15k to 250k in 3 years, changed appearance of the paper’s front page, replacing dense type with huge multi column pictures and big headlines, brought drama to journalism

above the fold

a term used to refer to a prominent story; it comes from the placement of a news story in a broadsheet newspaper above the fold in the middle front page

Nellie Bly

proved that women could go to the same extremes as men trying to get a story, pretending to be insane to report on asylums

William Randolph Hearst

came from wealthy family, and began career as editor of The San Francisco Examiner, purchased New York Journal, became fierce rivals with Pulitzer

yellow journalism

a style of sensationalistic journalism that grew out of the newspaper circulation battle between Heart and Pulitzer

photojournalism

the use of photographs to portray the news in print

halftone

an image produced by a process in which photographs are broken down into a series of dots that appear in shades of gray on a printed page

Mathew Brady

rose to prominence for his portraits of noted Americans, pictures of civil war, the idea that photographs are published documents preserving history

muckrakers

used to describe socially activist investigative journalists who were publishing in progressive minded magazines in the early years of the 20th century

Samuel S McClure

most famous of all the muckrakers, took on stories about the insurance industry, the railroads, and the plight of urban communities

Henry Luce

did more to shape the American media environment than anyone else, time warner media empire

Time Magazine

written in a style that put the news in context and told the reader how to think about the issues

Fortune Magazine

reflect industrial life as faithfully in ink as the finest skyscraper defines it in steel

Life Magazine

convinced that Americans wanted to get their news through pictures

Margaret Burke White

first woman photographer accredited to the US army

chains

corporations that control a significant number of newspapers or other media outlets

The Wall Street Journal

the nation’s premier newspaper for business and financial news, last major paper to start using color, still not fully embraced photography, traditional look that deliberately evokes the newspaper layouts of the pre pulitzer era

USA today

journalists made fun of the paper, “McPaper,” claimed the brightly colored paper full of short news stories were serving up “news mcnuggets”

The New York Times

most influential paper, “news is what is printed on the front page”

Watergate Scandal

a burglary of the democratic national committee headquarters in the watergate office and apartment building that was authorized by rogue white house staffers, its subsequent coverup led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon in 1974, Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein of the Washington Post covered the scandal

Washington Post

known for the watergate scandal, online presence, and the fact that it was purchased by Jeff Bezos

community press

weekly and daily newspapers serving individual communities or suburbs instead of an entire metropolitan area, publish news that readers can’t get anywhere else

ethnocentrism

idea that your own country and culture are better than others, enemies of the united states are evil because they don’t conform to our values

Altruistic democracy

idea that politicians should serve the public good, not their own interests

responsible capitalism

the idea that open competition among businesses will create a more prosperous world for everyone, but businesses must be responsible and not seek excess profits

small town pastoralism

nostalgia for the old fashioned, rural community, big cities suffer from social problems

individualism

the constant quest to identify the one person who makes a difference

moderatism

the value of moderation in all things, extremists on both the right and left are critisized

social order

coverage of disorder; protests, floods, disasters, etc, stories tend to be about restoration of order

leadership

The media looks at the actions of leaders, while the actions of lower-level bureaucrats are ignored

fake news

a popular way to describe a wide range of stories ranging from outright fabrications to news a person simply doesn’t like

satire

ironic term that refers to stories that stretch the facts in order to make a joke

mistakes/fabrication

news stories with errors in them that eventually got corrected

partisan clickbait

designed to attract readers to sensational stories so the readers will see ads

foreign political manipulation

Russian intelligence agencies have planted and amplified stories in the US in order to try and manipulate elections

media criticism

politicians often use “fake news” to refer to news outlets they don’t like

evan gershkovich

wall street journal journalist who was detained and jailed in Russia, arrested based on allegations of being a spy, he was released as part of an extensive multi-nation prisoner exchange that involved the Russians releasing more than a dozen prisoners in return for multiple Russians being held captive in USA

Jamal Khashoggi

Saudi Arabian journalist who went to a Saudi embassy in Tukey, captured by Saudi death squad that tortured and killed him and then cut his body into pieces, order of the crown prince

Hilda Clayton

a US army combat photographer who was killed while photographing a live fire exercise while in Afghanistan, when a mortar tube accidentally exploded in front of her

ethnic papers

newspapers or websites that served specialized communities, such as racial and ethnic minorities

freedom’s journal

among the first black newspapers

North Star

biggest impact for a black newspaper, editor was Frederick Douglass, gifted writer, fighting for an end to slavery

Chicago Defender

considerably less serious than the north star, modeled after yellow journalism, designed to be a black paper with a mass following rather than black intellectuals and white elites

El Nuevo Herald

published as a companion to the Miami Herald; the second largest spanish language newspaper in the US

legacy media

The traditional media, often owned by large corporations. These may include newspapers, magazines, book publishers, and television networks