Bones and Skeletal Tissues

These flashcards encompass key terms and definitions related to the anatomy and functions of bones and skeletal tissues.

Skeletal System

The framework of bones, cartilages, and joints that supports the body.

Cartilage

A flexible connective tissue that cushions and supports joints, connecting bone surfaces.

Appositional Growth

The process in which chondroblasts in the perichondrium produce new cartilage material.

Endochondral Ossification

The process by which all other bones in the body develop from a scaffold of hyaline cartilage.

Osteoblasts

Bone-forming cells that secrete bone matrix.

Hematoma

A localized collection of blood outside of blood vessels, often forming after a bone fracture.

Synarthroses

Immovable joints.

Diarthroses

Freely movable joints.

Perichondrium

A dense irregular connective tissue layer that surrounds cartilage, aiding in its growth and repair.

Compact Bone

The dense outer layer of bone that appears smooth and solid.

Spongy Bone

The inner layer of bone consisting of a network of trabeculae with spaces filled with bone marrow.

Trauma

An injury that can lead to bone fractures.

Fibrous Joints

Joints connected by dense regular connective tissue, usually immovable or slightly movable.

Cartilaginous Joints

Joints connected by cartilage, not highly movable.

Articular Cartilage

Smooth cartilage covering the ends of bones at joints, providing a cushion.

Osteocytes

Mature bone cells found in cavities of the bone matrix.

Trabeculae

Small, needle-like or flat pieces of bone found in spongy bone.

Joint Cavity

A space between adjacent bones in a synovial joint that is filled with synovial fluid.

Articulations

The points where two bones meet.

Epiphyseal Plate

A layer of growing tissue near the ends of the long bones in children and adolescents.

Bone Remodeling

The process where bone tissue is continuously renewed through the actions of osteoclasts and osteoblasts.