Islamic Caliphates and Government

Flashcards covering key concepts related to Islamic caliphates and their governance.

Caliph

An Islamic political and religious leader, translated as 'successor', 'steward', or 'deputy'.

Rightly Guided Caliphs

The first four caliphs of Islam, known for their leadership following Muhammad.

Caliphate

The territory controlled by a caliph.

Sunni and Shi’a Split

The division in Islam resulting from disagreement over who should be the caliph.

Umayyad Caliphate

The first major Islamic caliphate that expanded its territory significantly.

Abbasid Caliphate

The caliphate that succeeded the Umayyads and is known for cultural and scientific achievements.

People of the Book

Monotheistic religions recognized in Islam, given special status, also known as Dhimmis.

Dar-al-Islam

The geographical region where Islam and its laws are dominant.

Minarets

Towers attached to mosques, used to call people to prayer.

Calligraphy

The art of beautiful handwriting, often used in Islamic culture.

Geometric and Floral Art

Art styles prevalent in Islamic art, characterized by intricate patterns and designs.