physics final

damping is

the slowing down of periodic motion due to friction

the rest position of a mass on a spring is called its

equilibrium position

which statement is true about simple harmonic motion

mechanical energy is conserved

the period of a harmonic oscillator is

the time the oscillator takes to complete one cycle

the acceleration of an oscillating mass on a spring is

always changing

simple harmonic motion does not require

damping

which would cause the period of an ideal spring-mass oscillating system to increase

using less stiff spring (smaller spring constant)

the period of an oscillating mass on a spring is directly related to

the spring constant

which is not an assumption we make for a simple pendulum to approximate simple harmonic motion

the pendulum’s period is related to the mass of the pendulum bob

a pendulum approximates a simple harmonic oscillator provided that

the amplitude is small

the period of a simple pendulum is

inversely proportional to the square root of the acceleration due to gravity

for a physical pendulum the period depends on all of the following except the

pendulum bob’s initial velocity

which is not an example of a damping force

inertia

what kind of force does not act on a driven oscillator

a continuously applied force

resonance is produced when an oscillating object

is driven in phase

which of the following involves a significant transverse wave component to be created in the wave medium

bumping into a small aquarium

longitudinal waves

travel fastest in solids

which would cause the period of an oscillator to decrease

shortening the pendulum arm

which statement characterizes longitudinal waves

they travel fastest in solids

in simple harmonic motion

energy is conserved

through which medium does sound travel faster

wood

an oboe softly playing middle-C and a piano loudly playing middle-C have the same

frequency

which of the following is not a characteristic of sound as perceived by the ear

velocity

the perceived frequency of waves from a moving source compared to the actual frequency at the source is called the

doppler effect

at what location on the earth does a Foucault pendulum not display precession of its swing

at the equator

when two sets of waves in a medium are superimposed and the trough of one wave coincides with the trough of another wave the resultant wave amplitude will be

larger than either wave amplitude amplitudes

in the Young’s double-slit experiment doing which of the following will cause the distance of the maxima from the center maximum to increase

position the slits closer together

in the Young’s double-slit experiment which of the following will occur if the projection screen is moved farther from the slits

the distance between the maxima will increase

which of the following is not an example of thin-film interference

rainbow colors form the surface of a CD

which of the following is not a way to polarize light

selective diffraction

a red sunset is most likely a result of polarization by

scattering

why is the sky blue

particles in the atmosphere preferentially scatter blue light

motion that repeats at a constant rate is called

periodic motion

damping is the effect of _______ on a vibrating system

friction

the net force on an oscillating mass is called the ________ force

restoring

the maximum displacement of an oscillating object from equilibrium is called the

amplitude

the SI unit of frequency is the

hertz

as the stiffness of an oscillating spring increases its restoring force

increases

the region where molecules spread apart in a longitudinal wave is called the

rare fraction

the restoring force of a pendulum oscillator (for small angles) is dependent on the weight of the pendulum bob and its

displacement angle

for the small initial displacement angles the period of a pendulum is dependent on the

length of pendulum arm

the kinetic energy of a pendulum is the greatest at ______ of the swing

bottom

the harmonic oscillator that barely completes one cycle before damping stops motion is

critically damped

the frequency at which a force is most effective in increasing the amplitude of an oscillating object is called the

natural oscillation frequency

plucking a guitar string that emits the guitar’s natural frequency causes the guitar to exhibit

resonance

in the case of the waves in a rippling flag the medium of the wave is the

fabric

if a sound is loud then the difference in _________ between adjacent compressions and rarefactions is __

pressure

large

the difference in frequency between two sound waves results in different ______ as sensed by the ear

pitches

the apparent change in frequency of the light emitted by stars moving away from earth is an example of

doppler shift