transcultural nursing chap 1-7, 28, 32, 34
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47 Terms
What is the primary role of nurses in healthcare?
Nurses focus on assisting individuals and communities to maintain and attain a healthy life.
What are the goals of nursing?
To promote health, prevent illness, restore health, and facilitate coping with disability or death.
What is Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in nursing?
EBP is a clinical decision-making process that integrates the best research, clinical expertise, and patient preferences.
What does the PICOT acronym stand for in clinical questioning?
P - patient or problem, I - intervention, C - comparison, O - outcome, T - time.
Name the two types of nursing research.
Quantitative and qualitative research.
What is the definition of wellness?
Wellness is an active state of being healthy.
What does health encompass according to the lecture notes?
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease.
What age groups should be considered in developmental considerations for patient safety?
Fetus, neonate, infant, toddler, pre-school age, school-age, adolescent, adult, and older adult.
What does the Morse Fall scale assess?
The Morse Fall scale is a fall risk assessment tool that evaluates a patient's risk of falling.
What are the complications of using restraints on patients?
Complications can include immobility, breathing issues, pressure ulcers, and psychosocial implications.
What is the proper position for a patient during a seizure?
The patient should be positioned on their side with their head slightly flexed forward.
Define holistic nursing.
Holistic nursing encompasses treating the patient as a whole, considering both mental and physical aspects.
What is the significance of cultural practices in hygiene care?
Cultural practices influence hygiene rituals and should be respected unless health is at risk.
What are anti-embolic stockings used for?
They are used for patients at risk for venous stasis, DVT, and thrombophlebitis.
In terms of mobility, what should be considered to prevent falls?
Developmental considerations, physical health, mental health, and lifestyle factors.
What are crutches used for in mobility assistance?
Crutches help support weight and assist in movement for patients with lower limb injuries.
Q: What is the primary goal of nursing?
A: To provide improved patient-centered care by promoting health, preventing illness, restoring health, and facilitating coping with disability or death.
Q: Name at least four professional roles of the nurse.
A: Caregiver, advocate, educator, researcher, leader, collaborator.
Q: A nurse stays with a patient having difficulty obtaining a needed treatment, calling insurance and providers until resolved. Which role is being demonstrated?
A: Advocate.
Q: What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative nursing research?
A: Quantitative analyzes numbers (basic/applied, theory refinement). Qualitative analyzes words/narratives (insight, meaning, improvement).
Q: What are the 3 main components of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)?
A: Best available research evidence, clinical expertise, and patient preferences/values.
Q: In the PICOT format, what does “C” represent?
A: Comparison of interest.
Q: Put the EBP steps in order:
Formulate question
Critical appraisal
Integrate evidence
Search best evidence
Evaluate outcomes
Disseminate outcomes
A: 1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6.
Q: Define health vs. wellness.
A: Health = complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not just absence of disease. Wellness = active state of being healthy, lifestyle promoting good health.
Q: Which illness is reversible: acute or chronic?
A: Acute.
Q: Place illness behaviors in order:
Assuming dependent role
Experiencing symptoms
Achieving recovery
Assuming sick role
A: 2 → 4 → 1 → 3.
Q: What is an example of a tertiary prevention activity?
A: Physical therapy after a stroke.
Q: What does ABC stand for in nursing priorities?
A: Airway, Breathing, Circulation.
Q: Which patient is at highest risk for injury:
a) 6-year-old with broken arm
b) 85-year-old with nocturia and vision changes
c) 20-year-old with seasonal allergies
A: (b) 85-year-old with nocturia and vision changes.
Q: What is polypharmacy, and why is it a concern in the elderly?
A: Use of multiple medications; risk of adverse interactions, confusion, falls.
Q: A patient scores 18 on the Morse Fall Scale. What is their fall risk?
A: Moderate risk.
Q: On which side should a cane be held?
A: Strong side (COAL: Cane Opposite Affected Leg).
Q: In crutch walking, which gait is used when both crutches and the affected leg advance together, followed by the unaffected leg?
A: 3-point gait.
Q: What should the nurse do FIRST when helping a patient ambulate after long bed rest?
A: Dangle the patient’s legs at the bedside.
Q: What should a nurse do if a patient begins to fall?
A: Widen stance, support patient, guide them to the floor, protect head/extremities, call for help, stay with patient.
Q: What type of order is required for restraints?
A: A physician’s order.
Q: List two major complications of physical restraints.
A: Pressure ulcers, impaired circulation, falls, death, psychosocial distress.
Q: Which alternative should a nurse try BEFORE restraints?
A: Reorientation, frequent checks, bed alarms, family presence, 1:1 observation.
Q: During a seizure, what is the nurse’s priority?
A: Stay with patient, protect airway by positioning on side, protect head, call for help.
Q: Why is hygiene care an important time for nurses?
A: It allows for a full head-to-toe assessment.
Q: Which patients should avoid hot water baths?
A: Older adults (reduced sensation).
Q: A bariatric patient requires special attention during hygiene care. What is MOST important?
A: Dry skin folds completely to prevent moisture breakdown/infection.
Q: What is the priority when providing a bed bath?
A: Safety, privacy, warmth, and infection prevention.
Q: What is the proper angle for elbows when using crutches or walkers?
A: 30 degrees.
Q: What principle should be followed when lifting objects?
A: Use legs, keep object close, avoid twisting, push rather than pull.
Q: Which device prevents DVT by applying intermittent pressure to the legs?
A: Sequential Compression Device (SCD).
Q: What is the purpose of anti-embolic stockings?
A: Promote venous return, prevent venous stasis and DVT.
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