Photosynthesis: The Process of Converting Light Energy to Chemical Energy

What is photosynthesis (description)?

Process of changing light energy to chemical energy

What do plants need for photosynthesis to begin?

Water, carbon dioxide, light, chlorophyll

What is the equation for photosynthesis?

6H2O + 6CO2 --light--> C6H12O6 + 6O2

What organisms can photosynthesize?

Plants, some algae

What is the cell organelle where photosynthesis takes place?

Chloroplast

What are disc-shaped membranes in chloroplasts?

Thylakoids

What is a stack of disc-shaped membranes in chloroplasts?

Grana

What is the liquid-filled space in chloroplasts?

Stroma

What are the two types of reactions in photosynthesis?

Light-dependent and light-independent

What reactions occur in thylakoids?

Light-dependent reactions

What reactions occur in the stroma?

Light-independent reactions

What is the electron carrier that takes high-energy electrons in the light dependent reactions, and powers the light independent reactions?

NADPH

What are the ingredients (inputs) for making NADPH in the light dependent reactions?

NADP+, H+, electrons

What enzyme makes ATP from ADP + Pi using H+ ions?

ATP synthase

What is the purpose of photosystems?

absorbs sunlight and uses the energy to "excite" electrons in the electron transport chain

What are the environmental inputs of light dependent reactions? (Come from outside of the chloroplast)

water, light

What else do light dependent reactions need besides water and light to get started?

NADP+, ADP, Pi

What are the outputs of light dependent reactions?

H+, NADPH, ATP, oxygen

What is another name for the light-independent reaction?

calvin cycle

What is the high-energy sugar ultimately produced by the calvin cycle?

glucose

What is the 'environmental' input of the light independent reaction? (What comes from outside the chloroplast)

carbon dioxide

What else does the light independent reaction need besides CO2?

NADPH, ATP, and H+ ions

What is the job of H+ ions in the light DEPENDENT reaction?

form NADPH from NADP+, power the enzyme ATP synthase

What is the output of the light independent reaction?

Glucose

Chlorophyll absorbs all colors except ____________

green

How many times does the Calvin Cycle occur to form glucose?

Two

What happens to ATP and NADPH after they are used by the Calvin Cycle?

They are recycled back to ADP, P, and NADP+ and go back to the grana to go through the electron transport chain again

Glucose is a __________________ of cellular respiration.

Reactant (ingredient)