Grade 7 Unit 2 - Plants for Food and Fibre Vocabulary

Flashcards for Grade 7 Unit 2 Plants for Food and Fibre, focusing on vocabulary.

Osmosis

The process by which water moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semi-permeable membrane.

Diffusion

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Capillary Action

The ability of water to move up narrow tubes against gravity.

Active Transport

The movement of molecules across a cell membrane using energy.

Transpiration

The process by which plants lose water through their leaves.

Photosynthesis

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of sugars.

Cellular Respiration

The process by which cells break down glucose to release energy.

Pollination

The transfer of pollen from the male part of a flower to the female part.

Pollinators

Agents that transfer pollen (e.g., wind, water, animals).

Vegetative Reproduction

A form of reproduction in plants that does not involve seeds.

Runners

Horizontal stems that grow along the surface of the soil, producing new plants.

Rhizomes

Underground stems that grow horizontally, storing food and producing new plants.

Tubers

Short, thickened underground stems that store food.

Bulbs

Underground storage organs with fleshy leaves.

Corms

Solid, underground stems that store food.

Suckers

New shoots that arise from the roots of a plant.

Cuttings

A method of vegetative propagation where a part of a plant is used to grow a new plant.

Grafting

A method of joining two plants together so they grow as one.

Minerals

The non-living components of soil, such as rocks and sand.

Sandy Soil

Soil with large particles and good drainage.

Organic Matter (humus)

Decomposed plant and animal matter in soil.

Clay Soil

Soil with small particles that retains water well.

Loam Soil

A mixture of sand, silt, and clay particles in soil.

Fertilizer

Substances added to soil to provide nutrients for plants.

Irrigation

The artificial application of water to land to assist in the production of crops.

Clearing Land

The removal of trees and vegetation from an area of land.

Plowing

The process of turning over the soil to prepare it for planting.

Crop Rotation

The practice of rotating different crops in a field to improve soil health.

Greenhouses

A controlled environment used for growing plants.

Hydroponics

A method of growing plants without soil, using nutrient-rich solutions.