The Great Depression

Who was the Democratic Candidate for the 1928 election?

Alfred E. Smith

Who won the 1928 election?

Herbert Hoover

In the 1920s, what percent did farmers make up of the workforce?

20%

What devastated Florida produce?

The Mediterranean Fruit Fly

While worker productivity rose greatly in the 1920, what rose gradually?

Wages

What was Black Tuesday?

A bunch of investors sold all of their stocks at the same time, causing prices to plummet.

What destroyed the banking industry?

Bank runs

What did the Hawley-Smoof Tariff do?

It raised taxes on foreign imports so high they could not compete with American goods. This caused European countries to tax American goods to the same degree.

By 1933, what was the unemployment rate?

25%

What were Hoovervilles?

Groups of tents and shacks built on public land or vacant lots. The largest was in Central Park, NYC.

What did the Milk Producers Association do?

They threatened a strike if prices were not raised, and when they were ignored, they dumped 1000 gallons of milk in the road.

What states did the Dust bowl occur in?

Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, New Mexico, and Colorado

What was the Dust Bowl?

A large amount of huge dust storms which destroyed much of thee Great Plains, mainly due to the mismanagement of soil and human settlement,

What were Dust Bowl refugees named?

Okies

What is Localism?

A policy where problems can be solved at the local and state levels, NOT the federal government.

What Corporation gave more than a billion dollars of government loans to businesses and bank to try and help businesses stay afloat?

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

What is Trickle Down Economics?

The belief that money poured into the top of the economic pyramid will trickle down to the base.

Which president pledged a “New Deal?”

Franklin D. Roosevelt

What was the Fireside chats?

Informal Radio speech given to the American people, which was an important way for Roosevelt to communicate with the American people.

What is the FDIC?

It insured the bank deposit up to 5000$

What was the SEC do?

Regulated the stock market and make it safer for investments.

What did the AAA do?

It sought to end overproduction and raise crop prices. They provided financial aid, paying farmers subsidies to cut production or forego planting all their land.

What did the TVA do?

Built a series of dams to control floods and generate electricity

What did the CCC do?

Provided jobs for 2 million men via replanting forests, building trails, etc.

What did the FERA do?

Granted federal funds to the state and local agencies to help the unemployed

What did CWA do?

Provided jobs on public works projects

What did the FHA do?

Insured bank lands used for building and repairing homes.

What did the NRA do?

It worked with businesses and labor leaders to develop codes of fair competition and established minimum wage laws.

What did the PWA do?

It build bridges, dams, power plants, and government buildings.

What did the WPA do?

Built and improved a large part of the nations highways, dredged rivers and harbors, and promoted soil and water conservation.

What did the REA do?

Loaned money to electric companies to build power lines.

What did the NBLRB do?

Looked into worker complaints against businesses.

What did the SSA do?

Establish a Social Security/Pension system.

Who wanted the Federal government to provide 200 a month to all citizens over 60?

Francis Townstend

Who called the New Deal the “Raw Deal”

Charles Coughlin

Who wanted to tax the rich and distribute the wealth among the poor?

Huey Long

Who was the British economist that argued deficit spending was the key to ending the depression?

John Maynard Keynes

What is pump priming?

They theory that if money is put into the hands of consumers, they would buy more goods thus stimulating the economy.

What act established a federal minimum wage, a max workweek, and outlawed child labor?

Fair Standards Act

Who was FDR’s Challenger in his reelection?

Alfred M. Landon

What case overturned a key law in Roosevelt’s hundred days?

Scheduler Poultry v. United States

Who was FDR’s biggest enemy?

The Supreme Court?

What threat did FDR make to the supreme court?

He would dilute their court with 6 new justices

What is the act of diluting the supreme courts power via “packing” it called?

Court Packing