IUPAC

Alkane

“Pentane”

C–C

Alkene

“2,3-dimethyl nonane”

C=C

Alkyne

C≡C

Alkyl Halides

C–Br,F,Cl,I

→ Bromo-, Fluoro-, Chloro-, Iodo-

Alcohol

C–OH

→ ends in “-ol”

Aldehyde

O=C–H

→ ends in “-al”

Carboxylic Acid

O=C–O–H

→ ends in “n + oic acid”

Ether

C–O–C

→ Oxygen bridge

→ prefix & shorter side + oxy + prefix & parent name

ex: Ethoxypropane Or Propoxypropane

Ester

O=C–O

→ Split into 2 sides (Double bonded O and O)

→ Prefix & O side & yl + Prefix =O side n + oate

Ex: Butylpropanoate

Ketone

O=C (middle of chain)

→ # + prefix + one

Ex: 2-methyl-3-pentanone

Amine

C–NH2

→ #+ Prefix + Amine

→ 2-butanamine

Amide

O=C–NH2

→ #+Prefix+amide