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carl jung
analytical psychology by —
July 26, 1875 & Canton Thurgau, Switzerland
Carl Jung was born on (Date & Place)
Memories, Dreams, Reflection
this book is primarily an inner/spiritual autobiography
in this book, Jung was quoted saying “My life is a story of self-actualization of the unconscious”
self actualization
this is the state when harmony among all the elements of the psyche has been attained
religion
a major vehicle in the journey toward self-actualization
total personality/psyche
this consists of a number of different interacting systems: ego, personal unconscious, complexes, collective unconscious, archetypes
it also assumes the Attitudes and Functions of thingking
Ego
for Jung, the — is the conscious mind
it consists of conscious perceptions, thoughts, and feelings
is also responsible for one’s feeling of identity and continuity
personal unconscious
it consists of experiences that were once conscious but have been repressed, suppressed, forgotten, are too weak to make a conscious impression in the person
complexes
it is a personally strong constellation of thoughts, feelings, perception, and memories that exist in the personal unconscious
collective unconscious
it is the most original and controversial concept of Jung
most powerful and influential system of the psyche and in pathological cases overshadows the ego and personal unconscious
it is a storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from one’s ancestral racial history
transpersonal unconscious
collective unconscious is also called —
the archetypes
defined as universal thought-form (idea), containing strong elements of emotion
the structural elements of the collective unconscious
also knowns as dominant, primordial images, imagoes, mythological images
specific predisposition to perceive the world in the form of a distinct thought-form (idea)
persona
animus
anima
shadow
self
the 5 archetypes
persona
it is a mask adopted by the person in response to the demands of social convention and tradition
the role/s assigned to a person by society
public personality
persona is sometimes called —
private personality
is the one that exists behind the social facade
inflation of the persona
is the state when ego identifies with the persona
in this state, the persona becomes a mere reflection of society instead of being a genuine person
animus
it is the masculine archetype in women
Women apprehend the nature of men through their —
anima
it is the feminine archetype in men
Men apprehend the nature of women through their —
shadow
consists of animal instincts humans inherited on their evolution from lower forms of life
is responsible for man’s conception of original sin
when projected outward, it becomes the devil or enemy
Id
shadow bears resemblance to Freud’s —
Self
is the midpoint of the personality, around which all of the other systems are constellated
it holds those systems together and provides the personality with unity, equilibrium, and stability
Life’s Goal
Extraversion and Introversion
2 types of Attitudes
Extraversion
this attitude orients the person toward the external objective world
it makes the person more preoccupied with and in touched with happenings and people around him/her
Introversion
this attitude orients the person toward the inner, subjective world
it makes the person more preoccupied with and in touched with his/her own thoughts, ideas, and feelings
thinking
ideational and intellectual function
by this, the person tries to comprehend the world and themselves
it is concerned with logical explanations of things and events in the world
feeling
the evaluation function
by this, the person tried to determine the value of things, whether positive or negative
it is concerned with the values of things in the world
sensing
perceptual or reality function
by this, the person yields concrete facts or representations of the world
it is concerned with getting in contact with the things in the world through the five senses
life energy
this is all the energy of the organism as a biological system
psychic energy
this is the energy by which the work of the personality/psyche is performed
it is a manifestation of life energy
libido
Jung’s conception of — is that it is Life Energy. It is sometimes used interchangeably as Psychic energy
psychic value
this is the amount of psychic energy invested in an element o the personality
the higher the — of a particular element of personality, the more likely it will influence behavior
constellating power of a complex
this is the number of groups of items that are brought into association by nuclear element of the complex
direct observation
complex indicators
intensity of emotional expression
3 methods of assessing the constellating power of a complex
principle of equivalence
states that if energy is expended in bringing about a certain condition, the amount if energy will appear elsewhere in the system
if the energy of a certain psychic element is exhausted, that energy will go to a different psychic element to bring vigor to it
principle of conservation of energy
Jung considered the principle of equivalence as a manifestation of the —
the first law of thermodynamics
principle of entropy
this principle states that the distribution of energy in the psyche seeks a state of equilibrium or balance
if two psychic values are of unequal strength, energy will tend to pass from the stronger value to the weaker value until a balance is reached
2nd law of thermodynamics
self-realization
this is the state of fullest most complete differentiation of harmonious blending of all the aspects of a human’s total personality
in this state, there is perfect equilibrium in the energy distribution in the psyche
causality
expresses that the present events are the consequences or effects of past/antecedent conditions
teleology
explains the present in terms of the future
through it, personality is comprehended in terms of where it is going, not in terms of where it has been
synchronicity
this principle applies to events that occur together in time but are not the cause of one another
progression
in this process, the ego is adjusting satisfactorily both to the demands of the external environment and needs of the unconscious
regression
this is the process where libido invests exclusively on unconscious and introverted values due to frustrating circumstances in the world one lives in
heredity
responsible for biological instincts
is also responsible for inheritance of ancestral experiences in the form of archetypes
childhood
the child’s life is determined by instinctual activities necessary for survival
also, the child is governed by parental demands
young adulthood
Jung believes that this stage is the Psychic Birth of the personality
where Sexuality emerges, the child differentiates from parents
Extraversion is primary attitude and consciousness dominates mental life
middle age
the need for meaning emerges
shift toward an introverted attitude
develops more self-awareness and less impulsion
individuation
this is the crucial process of differentiation/full development of all the different systems of the personality
transcendent function
this is the process of integrating all the differentiated aspects of the psyche
sublimation
is the displacement of energy from more primitive, instinctive and less differentiated process to higher cultural, spiritual, and more differentiated processes
takes place when displacement is governed by the individuation process and the transcendent function
repression
when discharge of energy, whether instinctual or sublimated ways, is blocked, this is —
retrospective
guided by the instincts
instinctual basis of a symbol
prospective
guided by the ultimate goal of humankind
yearning of completion, rebirth, harmony, purification
dreams
— are retrospective and prospective in content
big dreams
these are dreams that have many archetypal elements
little dreams
these are dreams that contain mostly conscious elements
method of amplification
it is the giving of multiple associations to a dream element and developing these associations
dream series method
this is the process wherein a series of dreams are used for analysis and interpretation
active imagination
this involves concentrating on an unintelligible dream image or spontaneous visual image and observing what happens to the image
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
the most influential test derived from Jung’s theory
identifies 16 personality types based on Jung’s attitudes, functions, and Auxiliary functions