carl jung

carl jung

analytical psychology by —

July 26, 1875 & Canton Thurgau, Switzerland

Carl Jung was born on (Date & Place)

Memories, Dreams, Reflection

• this book is primarily an inner/spiritual autobiography

• in this book, Jung was quoted saying “My life is a story of self-actualization of the unconscious”

self actualization

this is the state when harmony among all the elements of the psyche has been attained

religion

a major vehicle in the journey toward self-actualization

total personality/psyche

• this consists of a number of different interacting systems: ego, personal unconscious, complexes, collective unconscious, archetypes

• it also assumes the Attitudes and Functions of thingking

Ego

• for Jung, the — is the conscious mind

• it consists of conscious perceptions, thoughts, and feelings

• is also responsible for one’s feeling of identity and continuity

personal unconscious

it consists of experiences that were once conscious but have been repressed, suppressed, forgotten, are too weak to make a conscious impression in the person

complexes

it is a personally strong constellation of thoughts, feelings, perception, and memories that exist in the personal unconscious

collective unconscious

• it is the most original and controversial concept of Jung

• most powerful and influential system of the psyche and in pathological cases overshadows the ego and personal unconscious

• it is a storehouse of latent memory traces inherited from one’s ancestral racial history

transpersonal unconscious

collective unconscious is also called —

the archetypes

• defined as universal thought-form (idea), containing strong elements of emotion

• the structural elements of the collective unconscious

• also knowns as dominant, primordial images, imagoes, mythological images

• specific predisposition to perceive the world in the form of a distinct thought-form (idea)

1. persona

2. animus

3. anima

4. shadow

5. self

the 5 archetypes

persona

• it is a mask adopted by the person in response to the demands of social convention and tradition

• the role/s assigned to a person by society

public personality

persona is sometimes called —

private personality

is the one that exists behind the social facade

inflation of the persona

• is the state when ego identifies with the persona

• in this state, the persona becomes a mere reflection of society instead of being a genuine person

animus

• it is the masculine archetype in women

• Women apprehend the nature of men through their —

anima

• it is the feminine archetype in men

• Men apprehend the nature of women through their —

shadow

• consists of animal instincts humans inherited on their evolution from lower forms of life

• is responsible for man’s conception of original sin

• when projected outward, it becomes the devil or enemy

Id

shadow bears resemblance to Freud’s —

Self

• is the midpoint of the personality, around which all of the other systems are constellated

• it holds those systems together and provides the personality with unity, equilibrium, and stability

• Life’s Goal

Extraversion and Introversion

2 types of Attitudes

Extraversion

• this attitude orients the person toward the external objective world

• it makes the person more preoccupied with and in touched with happenings and people around him/her

Introversion

• this attitude orients the person toward the inner, subjective world

• it makes the person more preoccupied with and in touched with his/her own thoughts, ideas, and feelings

thinking

• ideational and intellectual function

• by this, the person tries to comprehend the world and themselves

• it is concerned with logical explanations of things and events in the world

feeling

• the evaluation function

• by this, the person tried to determine the value of things, whether positive or negative

• it is concerned with the values of things in the world

sensing

• perceptual or reality function

• by this, the person yields concrete facts or representations of the world

• it is concerned with getting in contact with the things in the world through the five senses

life energy

this is all the energy of the organism as a biological system

psychic energy

• this is the energy by which the work of the personality/psyche is performed

• it is a manifestation of life energy

libido

Jung’s conception of — is that it is Life Energy. It is sometimes used interchangeably as Psychic energy

psychic value

• this is the amount of psychic energy invested in an element o the personality

• the higher the — of a particular element of personality, the more likely it will influence behavior

constellating power of a complex

this is the number of groups of items that are brought into association by nuclear element of the complex

1. direct observation

2. complex indicators

3. intensity of emotional expression

3 methods of assessing the constellating power of a complex

principle of equivalence

• states that if energy is expended in bringing about a certain condition, the amount if energy will appear elsewhere in the system

• if the energy of a certain psychic element is exhausted, that energy will go to a different psychic element to bring vigor to it

principle of conservation of energy

• Jung considered the principle of equivalence as a manifestation of the —

• the first law of thermodynamics

principle of entropy

• this principle states that the distribution of energy in the psyche seeks a state of equilibrium or balance

• if two psychic values are of unequal strength, energy will tend to pass from the stronger value to the weaker value until a balance is reached

• 2nd law of thermodynamics

self-realization

• this is the state of fullest most complete differentiation of harmonious blending of all the aspects of a human’s total personality

• in this state, there is perfect equilibrium in the energy distribution in the psyche

causality

expresses that the present events are the consequences or effects of past/antecedent conditions

teleology

• explains the present in terms of the future

• through it, personality is comprehended in terms of where it is going, not in terms of where it has been

synchronicity

this principle applies to events that occur together in time but are not the cause of one another

progression

in this process, the ego is adjusting satisfactorily both to the demands of the external environment and needs of the unconscious

regression

this is the process where libido invests exclusively on unconscious and introverted values due to frustrating circumstances in the world one lives in

heredity

• responsible for biological instincts

• is also responsible for inheritance of ancestral experiences in the form of archetypes

childhood

• the child’s life is determined by instinctual activities necessary for survival

• also, the child is governed by parental demands

young adulthood

• Jung believes that this stage is the Psychic Birth of the personality

• where Sexuality emerges, the child differentiates from parents

• Extraversion is primary attitude and consciousness dominates mental life

middle age

• the need for meaning emerges

• shift toward an introverted attitude

• develops more self-awareness and less impulsion

individuation

this is the crucial process of differentiation/full development of all the different systems of the personality

transcendent function

this is the process of integrating all the differentiated aspects of the psyche

sublimation

• is the displacement of energy from more primitive, instinctive and less differentiated process to higher cultural, spiritual, and more differentiated processes

• takes place when displacement is governed by the individuation process and the transcendent function

repression

when discharge of energy, whether instinctual or sublimated ways, is blocked, this is —

retrospective

• guided by the instincts

• instinctual basis of a symbol

prospective

• guided by the ultimate goal of humankind

• yearning of completion, rebirth, harmony, purification

dreams

— are retrospective and prospective in content

big dreams

these are dreams that have many archetypal elements

little dreams

these are dreams that contain mostly conscious elements

method of amplification

it is the giving of multiple associations to a dream element and developing these associations

dream series method

this is the process wherein a series of dreams are used for analysis and interpretation

active imagination

this involves concentrating on an unintelligible dream image or spontaneous visual image and observing what happens to the image

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

• the most influential test derived from Jung’s theory

• identifies 16 personality types based on Jung’s attitudes, functions, and Auxiliary functions