12. Henry VII- Ireland

In 1485 what did Henry control in Ireland?

Only the 'Pale' around Dublin

Who controlled the rest of Ireland?

Anglo-Norman Barons

Who were the most important Anglo-Norman families in Ireland?

The Fitzgeralds and the Butlers

(Kildare's Disloyalty) What positions did the Earl of Kildare (Gerald Fitzgerald) hold (2 things)?

- Leading member of the Irish Nobility
- Lord Deputy of Ireland since 1477

(Kildare's Disloyalty) Did Kildare have Yorkist or Lancastrian sympathies?

He had Yorkist sympathies

(Kildare's Disloyalty) When did Kildare crown Lambert Simnel as the King of Ireland?

1486

(Kildare's Disloyalty) When did Kildare support Perkin Warbeck?

1491

(Henry's English Strategy) Would it have been expensive for Henry to use the Irish aristocracy to rule the Pale for him?

No

(Henry's English Strategy) Why was relying on the aristocracy potentially not a good strategy?

They were unreliable and disloyal

(Henry's English Strategy) Who did Henry rely on instead?

English troops

(Henry's English Strategy) Was this option more expensive?

Yes

(Henry's English Strategy) Which Englishman Henry appoint to control the Pale?

Sir Edward Poynings

(Henry's English Strategy) What methods did Poynings use to gain control (3 things)?

- Bribery
- Force
- Use of new laws

(Henry's English Strategy) When was the Poynings Law passed?

1495

(Henry's English Strategy) What did the Poynings law state?

That the Irish parliament would have to get English approval if they wanted to pass new laws

(Henry's Kildare Strategy) Why did Henry decide to change strategy in Ireland?

Relying on English force had become too expensive for him

(Henry's Kildare Strategy) What else had reduced Henry's wealth (2 things)?

- The Scottish invasion
- Perkin Warbeck's siege of Waterford in 1495

(Henry's Kildare Strategy) Who did Henry begin to rely on for control?

The Earl of Kildare (a much cheaper option)

(Henry's Kildare Strategy) What had Kildare decided by 1496?

That supporting the Yorkists was futile

(Henry's Kildare Strategy) After 1496 did Kildare serve Henry loyally?

Yes

(Henry's Kildare Strategy) What was one of the main things Kildare worked to do?

Secure the submission of various Irish chieftains under Henry's control

(Henry's Kildare Strategy) What had Henry secured in Ireland by 1500?

A relatively solid level of peace and security