Kingdoms and Classification

Order of taxa from most inclusive to most exclusive

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Most inclusive taxon

Domain

Most exclusive taxon

Species

Kingdom(s) containing multicellular organisms only

Plantae, Animalia

Kingdom(s) containing unicellular organisms only

Eubacteria, Archaebacteria

Kingdom(s) containing both multicellular and unicellular organisms

Protista, Fungi

Characteristics of organisms in Eubacteria Kingdom (cell type, cell structure, number of cells, mode of nutrition)

Prokaryotes

Cell walls containing peptidoglycan

Unicellular

Autotroph or heterotroph

Examples of Eubacteria (3)

E-coli, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus

Characteristics of organisms in Archaebacteria Kingdom (cell type, cell structure, number of cells, mode of nutrition)

Prokaryotes

Cell walls without peptidoglycan

Unicellular

Autotroph or Heterotroph

Examples of Archaebacteria (3)

Methanogens, halophiles, thermophiles

Characteristics separating the bacterial kingdoms

Eubacteria includes organisms with cell walls of peptidoglycan, while organisms in Archaebacteria do not have cell walls of peptidoglycan

Characteristics of organisms in Protista Kingdom (cell type, cell structure, number of cells, mode of nutrition)

Eukaryotes

Some with cell walls with cellulose, some have chloroplasts

Most unicellular, some colonial, some multicellular

Autotroph or heterotroph

Examples of Protista (3)

Amoeba, slime molds, giant kelp

Characteristics of organisms in Fungi Kingdom (cell type, cell structure, number of cells, mode of nutrition)

Eukaryotes

Cell walls of chitin

Most multicellular, some unicellular

Heterotroph

Examples of Fungi (3)

Mushrooms, yeast, mold

Characteristics of organisms in Plantae Kingdom (cell type, cell structure, number of cells, mode of nutrition)

Eukaryotes

Cell walls of cellulose and have chloroplasts

Multicellular

Autotroph

Examples of Plantae (3)

Fern, oak tree, sunflower (any plants)

Characteristics of organisms in Animalia Kingdom (cell type, cell structure, number of cells, mode of nutrition)

Eukaryotes

No cell walls or chloroplasts

Multicellular

Heterotroph

Examples of Animalia (3)

Horse, cat, bird (any animals)

Peptidoglycan

Substance forming the cell walls of bacteria belonging to Eubacteria Kingdom

Chitin

Strong, structural polysaccharide found in cell walls of organisms belonging to Fungi Kingdom

Cellulose

Strong, structural carbohydrate found in cell walls of organisms belonging to Plantae Kingdom and some in Protista Kingdom

Taxon

Singular; one level of classification/a group of one or more organisms classified biologically

Taxa

Plural; multiple groups of taxon, groups of one or more organisms classified biologically in a hierarchical classification system

Taxonomy

The science of naming organisms and putting them into classification groups

Linneas’s contribution to taxonomy

Composed an effective way to classify organisms - created binomial nomenclature and the different taxa (levels of biologicial classification)

Binomial nomenclature

System of giving organisms a 2-part scientific name - the first is the organism’s genus (usually abbreviated) and the second is the species

Rules for writing scientific name of organisms

Must include genus and species

Must be italicized if typed

Must be underlined if handwritten