13.2 protestant reformation

Martin Luther

A German theologian and religious reformer whose actions in 1517, including the posting of the 95 Theses, sparked the Protestant Reformation. He challenged the Catholic Church's practices and emphasized salvation through faith

Charles V

holy roman emperor who ruled during the Portestant and banished Luther and declared him a outlaw

Jhon Calvin

A French theologian and reformer who played a significant role in the Protestant Reformation, particularly known for his teachings on predestination and the development of Calvinism.

Indulgences

payments for the remission of sin penalties, often criticized by reformers like Martin Luther as corrupt practices that undermined true repentance.

wittenberg

A city in Germany where Martin Luther famously posted his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517, sparking the Protestant Reformation.

diet

formal deliberative assembly or legislative body, especially in the Holy Roman Empire. A notable example is the Diet of Worms, where Martin Luther was questioned.

predestination

the idea that God had long ago determined who will gain salvation

geneva

a town

theocracy

government run by church leaders