U2S6 Metamorphic Rocks Lesson - VOCAB Flashcards

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering key terms and definitions from the metamorphic rocks lesson, including rock types, processes, and examples.

Metamorphic rock

A type of rock that forms when existing rocks are exposed to extreme heat and pressure.

Non-foliated rock

A metamorphic rock in which grains are randomly arranged and do not split into layers.

Foliated rock

A metamorphic rock in which grains are arranged in parallel layers or bands and tend to split along those bands.

Metamorphosis

A complete change in nature or form; in geology, transformation of rocks due to heat and pressure.

Formation of metamorphic rock

Metamorphic rocks form from existing igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rocks when exposed to high temperature and pressure, causing minerals to change.

Temperature (metamorphism)

Heat that drives mineral changes during metamorphism.

Pressure (metamorphism)

Force per unit area applied during metamorphism; increases with depth beneath Earth's surface.

Mineral change during metamorphism

Recrystallization or formation of new minerals as rocks are altered by heat and pressure.

Gneiss

A foliated metamorphic rock with banded mineral grains.

Slate

A fine-grained foliated metamorphic rock that forms from shale and splits into thin sheets.

Marble

A non-foliated metamorphic rock formed from limestone; used in construction and sculpture for its hardness and density.

Quartzite

A non-foliated metamorphic rock formed from sandstone; very hard and resistant.

Limestone

A sedimentary rock that can metamorphose into marble under metamorphism.

Sandstone

A sedimentary rock that can metamorphose into quartzite under metamorphism.

Hardness

A property indicating resistance to scratching or denting; marble is noted for its hardness.

Density

Mass per unit volume; marble’s density contributes to its suitability for construction and sculpture.