Naming Organic Compounds

Alkanes

Alkenes

Alkynes

Cycloalkanes

Begins with cyclo- followed by the alkane name

Cycloalkanes with substituents

Begins with the substituent name followed by the name of the cycloalkane

Cycloankenes

assign the double bond to be between carbon 1 and carbon 2 when a substituent is on the ring; do not need to include the numbers for the double bond

Cis- trans- isomers

Places the prefix cis- or trans- in front of the alkene name

Aromatic compounds

Aromatic compounds containing a benzene ring and a single substituent are named as benzene derivatives

Alcohols

Replace the -e with -ol

Thiols

add -thiol to the alkane name of the longest carbon chain and numbering the carbon chain from the end nearer to the —SH group

Ethers

the alkyl or aromatic group attached to the oxygen atom are written in alphabetical order; followed by the word ether

Aldehydes

-e is replaced by -al

Ketones

-e is replaced by -one

Carboxylic acids

replace the -e with -oic acid

Esters

first word indicates the alkyl part from the alcohol; second word is the carboxylate name of the carboxylic acid

Amines

list the names of the alkyl groups bonded to the N atom in alphabetical order in front of -amide

Amides

oic acid from the carboxylic acid name is dropped and -amide is added

Triaglycerols

changing glycerol to glyceryl and naming the fatty acids as carboxylates