chapter15

According to Chapter 15, what is the current status of women's issues?

Women's lives have improved somewhat during the current century, but gender inequities and other problems still persist.

According to the introduction to Chapter 15, what describes the status of women at present?

In many respects, women's status has improved, but progress has been slow.

Which of the following describes the current status of women professionals in U.S. psychology?

The Division on the Psychology of Women is one of the largest divisions in the American Psychological Association.

Which of the following statements about women and psychology in North America is true?

The majority of students in psychology PhD programs are women.

Which student provides the most accurate information about women in U.S. and Canadian psychology?

Samantha: "At present, about 75% of psychology graduate students in both the United States and Canada are female."

What does Chapter 15 emphasize to avoid past errors in psychology?

The researchers should increase their emphasis on diversity, for example, women of color, sexual minorities, and low-income women.

What has increased in research according to Chapter 15's discussion of diversity?

There has been an increase in research that emphasizes intersectionality.

What point was made about multicultural research on women of color?

Research that is conducted on women of color is likely to compare these women with European American women.

What is a problem with comparing Latina and European American women in research?

The comparison-groups framework implies that European American women are normative, and the Latina women are a nonstandard group.

What challenge is noted in creating a more inclusive psychology of women?

Researchers often compare European American individuals with people of color, who are expected to be deficient in the skill that is being assessed.

Why might research on women of color be problematic?

It seldom explores areas in which women of color are successful.

What is a current problem with inclusive psychology of women?

Researchers seldom select a research area in which women of color might be expected to be especially competent.

What happened in the 1970s among Chicana feminists in the Western U.S.?

Chicana women began to organize feminist conferences in the early 1970s.

What historical note is made about Chicana feminism?

Chicana feminists began organizing women-centered events about 40 years ago.

What might Mexican American men say about a female friend organizing a feminist rally?

Her efforts might divide the Chicana/o organizations on campus.

What do many Black women say about feminism?

Many Black women say that they do not feel connected with the feminist movement.

Why might Black women be hesitant to engage with feminism?

Black women may not want to criticize Black men.

What is true of Black women's involvement in feminism?

Black women may engage in feminist activities, but not actually call themselves feminists.

What is a barrier Asian women face in the feminist movement?

Their cultural background does not emphasize women's strength or social change.

What might Kyung, a Korean feminist, be criticized for?

Destroying the effective working relationships between Asian men and women.

What does Chapter 15 say about Asian American feminists and universities?

Colleges and universities have offered courses about Asian American women for about 40 years.

Who gives the most accurate overview of women of color and feminism?

Caleb: "Many women of color believe that feminist activism is not consistent with their cultural values."

What kind of men's group writes to advertisers about sexist ads?

Profeminist.

What would a profeminist men's group be most likely to do?

Plan programs for local high schools that educate students about the problems of violence toward women.

Which men's group is best to invite for a rape awareness event?

A profeminist group.

What are feminist allies likely to do at an event?

Provide support, even though they are not female.

Which approach involves men rediscovering masculine characteristics through retreats?

Mythopoetic approach.

What kind of activity is typical for mythopoetic men's groups?

A meeting in which a group of men gather together to talk about what they admired and disliked about their fathers.

What is the main goal of the mythopoetic approach?

Help men focus on their male role models.

What might a profeminist group say to a mythopoetic group in debate?

"You have such high incomes and so much social power—why aren't you trying to help a less powerful group?"

Which men's movement approach promotes male leadership in the household?

Religious approach.

What do religious men's organizations like Promise Keepers emphasize?

Essentialism.

Which student describes the men's movement approaches most accurately?

Christopher: "The different approaches all focus primarily on men, but otherwise, their central beliefs are quite different."

What field enrolls the most students among interdisciplinary programs?

Women's studies.

What effect do women's studies courses have on feminist identity?

Women taking these courses are more likely than women taking other courses to develop a strong feminist identity.

How do women's studies courses affect women's self-view?

They can increase women's self-confidence.

What happened when a reading program for female prisoners was cancelled?

When the program was operating, the women spent time reading; without the program, they spent time fighting.

What inspired the first wave of feminism in North America?

Anti-slavery movement.

What influenced early North American feminism in the 1800s?

It was inspired by the anti-slavery movement.

What inspired the second wave of the women's movement in the U.S.?

The civil rights movement and other social justice concerns.

What helped many women realize men had more power during the second wave of feminism?

The civil rights movement and the anti-war movement.

What kind of feminism opposes environmental destruction?

Ecofeminism.

What might you read on a website about ecofeminism?

"Humans harm other humans, but they also harm most of the other species on this planet."

What did the Mothers and Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo do?

Publicized the fact that their children had vanished between 1976 and 1983, during the terrorist regime in Argentina.

What happened to the protest strategy created by Argentine mothers and grandmothers?

It has been used more recently in the U.S. and other Latin American countries.

What did the women's movement discussion reveal about small-scale efforts?

Small-scale efforts in a number of countries have been successful in improving women's lives.

What is true about women's concerns in developing vs. developed countries?

Women in developing countries are likely to have a different set of concerns from women living in North America and Europe.

What should you remember when trying to create social change for women?

Social change does not occur overnight; celebrate the victories.

Who gives the best advice for becoming a feminist activist?

Pat: "Change usually doesn't happen quickly, so don't get discouraged."

What is a common result of women's studies courses?

They can increase women's self-confidence.

Why might Black women not call themselves feminists despite engaging in feminist actions?

They may engage in feminist activities, but not actually call themselves feminists.

Why do Asian American feminists sometimes face criticism?

They are accused of destroying effective working relationships between Asian men and women.

What does the mythopoetic approach to men's groups focus on?

Helping men reconnect with traditional masculine roles and male role models.

Why do some researchers criticize the comparison-groups model in psychology?

It assumes that European American women are the standard and others are deviations.

What is a key flaw in most research on women of color?

It seldom explores areas in which women of color are successful.

What can be a problem with diversity in the psychology of women?

Researchers seldom select research areas where women of color might excel.

What was a key development by Chicana feminists in the 1970s?

They began organizing feminist conferences and events.

What challenge do Asian American feminists face within their communities?

Cultural values that do not emphasize women's strength or social change.

What is a common misconception about women of color and feminism?

That they feel connected to mainstream feminist movements.

What impact do women's studies courses often have on feminist identity?

They increase the likelihood of developing a strong feminist identity.

What sparked the first wave of feminism in North America?

The anti-slavery movement.

What does ecofeminism criticize?

The way humans destroy animals and natural resources.

Why is comparing Latina women to European American women in studies problematic?

It implies European American women are the normative group.

What do Promise Keepers and similar religious men's organizations emphasize?

Essentialism.

What movement argues men should lead in the household and community?

Religious approach.

What often occurs when Black women engage in feminist actions?

They may not identify as feminists.

What does the profeminist group focus on?

Supporting gender equality and addressing male violence against women.

What does the mythopoetic group focus on?

Reclaiming masculine identity through myth and introspection.

What would a profeminist group criticize about a mythopoetic group?

"You have such high incomes and so much social power—why aren't you trying to help a less powerful group?"

What does the discussion say about the diversity of the feminist movement today?

People active in feminism today often disagree on important issues.

What type of research area is underexplored for women of color?

Areas in which they are especially competent or successful.

Why do some Black women distance themselves from feminism?

They may not want to criticize Black men or feel excluded by mainstream feminism.

Why might feminist courses affect students' thinking?

They increase critical awareness and self-confidence in women.

Why are Asian women sometimes hesitant toward feminism?

Their culture doesn't emphasize women's strength or social change.

How are feminist issues different in developing countries?

Women may have different priorities compared to those in the U.S. or Europe.

How has a Latin American protest strategy influenced activism?

It has inspired similar strategies in the U.S. and Latin America.

What is one key effect of women's studies courses?

They help students develop a stronger feminist identity.

What's a practical tip for social change, according to Chapter 15?

Celebrate victories because change is slow.

What describes the mythopoetic approach to men's issues?

It encourages men to reflect on their fathers and masculine identity.

What defines a feminist ally?

Someone who supports feminism, even if they are not female.