Section 2.5 SOHO IP Addressing

What is the purpose of a gateway in IP networking?

Routes traffic from a local network to external networks

What does IPv4 stand for?

Internet Protocol version 4

What is a common IPv4 private address range?

192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

What is another private IPv4 address range?

10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255

What is the third private IPv4 address range?

172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255

What is a public IP address?

An address routable on the internet

What is a private IP address?

An address used within internal networks, not routable on the internet

What is the purpose of APIPA?

Assigns an IP when DHCP is unavailable

What is the APIPA address range?

169.254.0.1 to 169.254.255.254

What does DHCP stand for?

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

What is a static IP address?

An IP manually assigned to a device

What is a dynamic IP address?

An IP assigned automatically by DHCP

How many bits are in an IPv4 address?

32 bits

How many bits are in an IPv6 address?

128 bits

Which IP version uses hexadecimal format?

IPv6

What format does IPv4 use?

Decimal, e.g., 192.168.1.1

What protocol is used to dynamically assign IP addresses?

DHCP

What address is used when no DHCP server is found?

APIPA address

What is a default gateway?

Device that routes traffic from a local subnet to other networks

What is one benefit of dynamic addressing?

Simplifies network management

When should a static IP address be used?

For servers, printers, or devices needing fixed IPs

What command shows IP configuration on Windows?

ipconfig

What command shows IP configuration on Linux/macOS?

ifconfig or ip a

Which protocol replaces ARP in IPv6?

Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP)

What is an IPv6 loopback address?

::1

What prefix is used for link-local IPv6 addresses?

FE80::/10

What is the typical subnet mask for 192.168.1.0?

255.255.255.0

What does NAT do?

Translates private IP addresses to public IP addresses

What kind of IP address is 8.8.8.8?

Public IPv4 address

What kind of address is 192.168.1.1?

Private IPv4 address

What is one reason to use IPv6?

More available addresses

What defines the size of a subnet?

Subnet mask

What is CIDR notation for a subnet with mask 255.255.255.0?

/24

What IP range is reserved for loopback?

127.0.0.0/8

What happens if a device gets an APIPA address?

It cannot reach outside the local subnet

How can a device communicate on the Internet?

It must have a valid gateway and public IP

What does the subnet mask 255.255.255.0 represent?

A /24 network with 254 usable addresses

Which IP version uses colons to separate fields?

IPv6

What type of IP configuration is required for DHCP to work?

Dynamic IP configuration

Which IP configuration requires manual entry of all values?

Static IP configuration

What is the function of a gateway in a SOHO network?

Routes traffic to the Internet

Which devices commonly need static IPs in a SOHO?

Printers, routers, NAS, servers

What indicates a device failed to obtain a DHCP address?

APIPA address assigned

What does a subnet mask do?

Determines network and host portions of an IP address

What is an advantage of IPv6 over IPv4?

Virtually unlimited address space

Which protocol uses 169.254.x.x when DHCP fails?

APIPA

What does the prefix /64 represent in IPv6?

Network portion of the address is 64 bits

What is required for a device to access other subnets?

Default gateway

What is the main reason for using private IPs in a SOHO?

Security and conservation of public IP space