pregnancy

What are the signs of pregnancy?

• Late or missed period • Abnormal period (lighter/shorter) • Breast tenderness/fullness • Nausea or vomiting • Change in appetite • Frequent urination • Fatigue or tiredness.

What tests can confirm pregnancy?

• Urine test for hCG (97% accurate) • Pelvic exam to check uterus size • Blood test for early detection of hCG.

What occurs during the 1st trimester?

Weeks 1-12: Fertilization occurs, embryo develops, gender is determined, essential organs form, fetal heartbeat, limbs take shape, eyelids close.

What are key developments in the 2nd trimester?

Weeks 13-26: Skin transparency, fetus sucks thumb, can hear, produces meconium, movements felt, taste buds form, ultrasound can reveal gender.

What developments occur in the 3rd trimester?

Weeks 27 until delivery: Bones fully formed, eyes open, lungs practice breathing, increased body fat, movements become forceful, prepares for birth.

What are key pregnancy terms?

1. Ovulation: Mature egg release 2. Fertilization: Sperm unites with egg 3. Embryo: First weeks 4. Fetus: After heartbeat 5. Lanugo: Fine hair on fetus 6. Vernix: Protective skin substance 7. Amniotic sac: Enclosure for baby 8. Umbilical cord: Nutrient lifeline 9. Placenta: Filters substances during pregnancy 10. Cervix: Opening that dilates during labor.

What is the APGAR test?

A scoring system to evaluate a newborn's physical status based on five criteria: Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration.

What is a conjoined twin?

Two babies born physically connected due to incomplete division of a single fertilized egg; very rare.

What is teen pregnancy's impact?

High rates of school dropout, low income, increased health risks for mothers and babies, leading to long-term poverty.

What are the types of twins?

• Monozygotic: Identical twins from one fertilized egg • Dizygotic: Fraternal twins from two separate eggs.

What developments occur in the 3rd trimester?

Weeks 27 until delivery: Bones fully formed, eyes open, lungs practice breathing, increased body fat, movements become forceful, prepares for birth.

What are key pregnancy terms?

1. Ovulation: Mature egg release 2. Fertilization: Sperm unites with egg 3. Embryo: First weeks 4. Fetus: After heartbeat 5. Lanugo: Fine hair on fetus 6. Vernix: Protective skin substance 7. Amniotic sac: Enclosure for baby 8. Umbilical cord: Nutrient lifeline 9. Placenta: Filters substances during pregnancy 10. Cervix: Opening that dilates during labor.

What is the APGAR test?

A scoring system to evaluate a newborn's physical status based on five criteria: Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration.

What is a conjoined twin?

Two babies born physically connected due to incomplete division of a single fertilized egg; very rare.

What is teen pregnancy's impact?

High rates of school dropout, low income, increased health risks for mothers and babies, leading to long-term poverty.

What are the types of twins?

• Monozygotic: Identical twins from one fertilized egg • Dizygotic: Fraternal twins from two separate eggs.