Business chapter 7 vocabulary words

organizational culture

A firm shared values, belief, traditions, philosophies, rules, and role models for behavior.

Structure

The arrangement or relationship of positions within an organization

Organizational chart

A visual display of the organizational structure lines of authority ( chain of command), staff relationships, permanent committee, arrange arrangements and lines of communication.

Specialization

The division of labor into small, specific tasks and the assignment of employees to do a single task.

Departmentalization

The grouping of jobs into working units, usually called department units, groups, or divisions.

Functional departmentalization

The grouping of jobs that perform similar functional activities, such as finance, manufacturing, marketing, and human resources.

Product departmentalization

The organization of jobs in relation to the products of the firm

Geographical departmentalization

The grouping of jobs according to geographic location, such as state region, country or continent.

Customer departmentalization

The arrangement of jobs around the needs of various types of customers.

Delegation of authority

Giving employees not only the task, but also the power to make commitments , resources and take whatever actions are necessary to carry those tasks .

Responsibility

The obligation, placed on employees through delegation, to perform assigned task satisfactorily and be held accountable for the proper execution of work.

Accountability

The principle that employees who accept an assignment and the authority to carry out our answerable to a superior for the outcome.

Centralized organization

A structure in which authority is concentrated at the top and very little decision-making authority is delegated to lower levels

Decentralizedorganization

An organization in which decision making authority is delegated as far down the chain of command as possible.

Span of management

The number of subordinates who report to a particular manager

Organizational layers

The levels of management in an organization.

Line structure

The simplest organizational structure, in which direct lines of authority extend from the top manager to the lowest level of the organization

Line and staff structure

A structure having a traditional line relationship between superior and subordinates, and also specialized managers -called staff managers - who are available to assist line managers.

Restructure

To change the basic structure for an organization

Multi divisional structure

A structure that organizes departments into larger groups called divisions

Matrix structure

A structure that sets up teams from different departments thereby creating two or more intersecting lines of authority; also called project management structure

Group

Two more individuals who communicate with one another, share a common identity and have a common goal

Team

A small group whose members have complementary skills; have a common purpose, goals, and approach; and hold themselves mutually accountable.

Committee

A permanent, formal group that performs a specific task

Task force

A temporary group of employees responsible for bringing about a particular change.

Project team teams

Group similar to task force that normally run their operation and have total control of a specific work project.

Product development teams

A specific type of project team formed to devise, design and implement a new project.

Quality assurance teams ( or quality circles)

Small group of workers brought together from throughout the organization to solve specific quality, productivity or service problems.

Self-directed work team

A group of employees responsible for an entire work process or segment that delivers a product to an internal or external customer.

Grapevine

An informal channel of communication, separate from management’s formal, official communication channels.