csds 115 exam 4 Unit 6 Younger Preschool Children; Borderline Stuttering

DEVELOPMENTAL/TREATMENT LEVELS OF STUTTERING

Typical disfluency/Younger preschoolers:/Borderline stuttering/Older preschoolers:/Beginning stuttering/School age:/Intermediate stuttering/Older teens & adults:/Advanced stuttering

Younger Preschool Children; Borderline Stuttering; Core Behaviors

More than 6-10 disfluencies per 100 words/More than 2 units in repetition/More repetitions and prolongations than/revisions or interjections

Younger Preschool Children; Borderline Stuttering; Secondary Behaviors

Disfluencies are loose and relaxed/Few, if any secondary behaviors/ No accessory movements before, during/or after stutters

Younger Preschool Children; Borderline Stuttering; Feelings & Attitudes

Little awareness/Do not show concern or embarrassment

Younger Preschool Children; Borderline Stuttering; Underlying Processes

Demands of speech/language development/ Higher speech rates/ More complex language/ Competitive speaking situations/ Other attributes of typical home/ Differentiate between indirect + direct treatment approaches for borderline stuttering.

Indirect treatment definition

approaches modify the child's environment rather than

working directly with the child

Direct treatment definition

approaches target the child's individual speech behaviors

Indirect treatment approaches for borderline stuttering

Techniques facilitate fluent speech thru enviro changes/modifies parents' speaking patterns/Listening time/Slow speech rate/Pauses in speaking to decrease convo pace/Provide positive comments/Limit corrections + criticisms on important issues/Asking fewer questions of child/Taking turns in family conversations

Slightly more direct approaches for borderline stuttering

Modeling easy stutters/ "Catch me"/Play/Intentional stutters/Changing their own real stutters

Modeling easy stutters

"That word stuck a little, but that's OK I slid right out of it."

"Catch me"

"If you hear me go on and on like thi-thi-thi-thi-thi-this just say 'there's one'"

Play

"I can say it a whole bunch of times! Ba-ba-ba-ba! Can you do it that any times?

Intentional stutters

"I can't seem to make this one slow and loose. Can you show me how to do it?"

Changing their own real stutters

"That one was a little bumpy on 'my-my-my-my car..."/Models easier, slower stuttering style on same word + positively comment/Child imitates easier stutter, followed by praise

Indirect VS Direct treatment approaches for borderline stuttering

Indirect approaches modify child's environment; dont work directly with child/Direct approaches target child's individual speech behaviors

OTHER TREATMENT APPROACHES

Edward Conture and Colleagues/Palin Centre Parent-Child Interaction/Stuttering Foundation Approach/Restart

Edward Conture and Colleagues

Parent and child groups

Palin Centre Parent-Child Interaction

Video feedback to identify interaction styles that support fluency/Develop these styles into structured practice sessions at home

Stuttering Foundation Approach

Treatment carried out by the parents, with guidance from a trained clinician

RESTART

Trains parents to decrease the demands on the child