Male and Female Pelvis

inferior

True Pelvis is ____ to Linea Terminalis

Superior

False Pelvis is ___ to Linea Terminalis

True Pelvis organs

Bladder, distal ureters, bowel, female reproductive organs

Psoas Muscle

originates along the lateral spine (distal thoracic vertebrae and first 4 lumbar vertebrae)

Iliacus Muscle

Originates at the superior iliac fossa and iliac crest

Psoas and iliacus

What muscles combine to form the Iliopsoas

Iliopsoas

Common tendon attaches to the lesser trochanter of the femur

Anterior surface of sacrum & Greater trochanter of femur

Piriformis Origin and Insertion

Posterior

Piriformis is ____ to uterus, ovaries, vagina, and rectum

Piriformis

What may be mistaken for ovaries on ultrasound?

Sciatic Nerve

The Largest nerve in the body

Lower lumbar and upper sacral nerve

Sciatic Nerve origin

Anterior lateral margins of true pelvis

Obturator Internus Origin

Greater trochanter of femur

Obturator Internus Insertion

Puborectalis, Iliococcygeus, Pubococcygeus

What muscles make the Levator Ani

Levator Ani Function

Supports and Positions pelvic organs

Testicle

Egg shaped organ within scrotum - produces sperm and male hormones

Epididymis

Duct posterior to testicle that transports sperm to vas deferens

Vas Deferens

Transports sperm from Epididymis to Urethra

Ejaculatory duct

Formed where vas deferens meets seminal vesicle - pass through prostate and open into urethra

Seminal Vesicles

Paired glands at posterior to bladder and superior to prostate

Prostate

Gland surrounding neck of urinary bladder and male urethra

Bulbourethral glands

Pea shaped glands inferior to prostate and just proximal to penile tissue

Corpus Cavernosum

Two masses of erectile tissue forming most of the penis

Corpus Spongiosum

Single smaller mass of erectile tissue surrounding the urethra

Ovaries

Paired elliptical endocrine glands locates lateral to the uterus

Fallopian Tubes

Paired muscular tubes transport ova from surface of ovary to endometrial cavity

Endometirum

Mucus membrane lining the uterus

Myometrium

Middle layer of uterus comprised of smooth muscle

Serosa/ Perimetrium

Outer layer of uterus (part of peritoneum)

Cervix

Narrow lower end of uterus

Internal Os

Opening from uterus to cervix

External Os

Opening from cervix to vagina

Vagina

Tube connecting cervix to outside

Broad Ligament

Double fold of peritoneum covering fallopian tubes, ovaries, uterus, and blood vessels - extends form lateral walls of uterus to sidewalls of pelvis

Cardinal Ligament

Thickening at base of broad ligament attaches lateral cervix and vagina to pelvic wall

Ovarian Ligament

Extends from cornua (uterine horns) to medial aspect of ovary

Round Ligament

Arises from cornua anterior to fallopian tubes and extends to pelvic side walls

Suspensory/ Infundibulopelvic ligament

Extends from lateral ovary to pelvic sidewall

Internal iliac arteries

Branch of common iliac - posterior to uterus and ovaries

Uterine Arteries

Branch of internal iliac arteries - supply vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries

Arcuate arteries

Branch of uterine arteries - prominent vessels in outer 1/3 of myometrium

Ovarian Arteries

Branch off Aorta just inferior to the renal arteries - supply ovaries

Ovarian Veins

Right empties into IVC, left empties into left renal vein

Retrouterine pouch

Also called the Pouch of Douglas or Posterior cul de sac

Retrouterine pouch

anterior to rectum and posterior to uterus- most inferior space in pelvic cavity - most likely site for fluid accumulation

Anterior cul de sac

AKA vesicouterine pouch - anterior to uterus posterior to bladder

Space of Retzius

AKA Retropubicspace or Prevesical space - anterior to bladder posterior to symphysis pubis

Body of Uterus

Broad Ligament

Broad Ligament

Broad Ligament

Bulbourethral Gland

Cardinal Ligament

Cardinal Ligament

Coccygeus

Corpus Cavernosum

Corpus Spongiosum

Ejaculatory Duct

Endometrium

Epididymis

External Os

Fallopian Tube

False Pelvis

Fundus of Uterus

Iliac Crest

Iliac Crest

Iliacus

Iliacus

Iliococcygeus

Iliococcygeus

Iliococcygeus

Iliopsoas

Infundibulopelvic Ligament

Internal Os

Levator Ani

Linea Terminalis

Myometrium

Obturator Internus

Obturator Internus

Ovarian Ligament

Ovarian Ligament

Ovary

Piriformis

Piriformis

Piriformis

Prostate Gland

Psoas Major

Psoas

Pubic Symphysis

Pubic Symphysis

Pubococcygeus

Pubococcygeus

Pubococcygeus

Puborectalis

Puborectalis

Rectum

Round Ligament

Round Ligament

Sacral Promontory